shill/cellular/cellular.cc

// Copyright 2018 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#include "shill/cellular/cellular.h"

#include <fcntl.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <linux/if.h>  // NOLINT - Needs definitions from netinet/in.h

#include <tuple>
#include <utility>

#include <base/bind.h>
#include <base/callback.h>
#include <base/check.h>
#include <base/check_op.h>
#include <base/containers/contains.h>
#include <base/files/file_path.h>
#include <base/files/file_util.h>
#include <base/logging.h>
#include <base/memory/ptr_util.h>
#include <base/notreached.h>
#include <base/strings/string_split.h>
#include <base/strings/stringprintf.h>
#include <base/time/time.h>
#include <chromeos/dbus/service_constants.h>
#include <ModemManager/ModemManager.h>

#include "shill/adaptor_interfaces.h"
#include "shill/cellular/cellular_bearer.h"
#include "shill/cellular/cellular_capability.h"
#include "shill/cellular/cellular_service.h"
#include "shill/cellular/cellular_service_provider.h"
#include "shill/cellular/mobile_operator_info.h"
#include "shill/cellular/modem_info.h"
#include "shill/connection.h"
#include "shill/control_interface.h"
#include "shill/dbus/dbus_properties_proxy.h"
#include "shill/device.h"
#include "shill/device_info.h"
#include "shill/error.h"
#include "shill/event_dispatcher.h"
#include "shill/external_task.h"
#include "shill/ipconfig.h"
#include "shill/logging.h"
#include "shill/manager.h"
#include "shill/net/netlink_sock_diag.h"
#include "shill/net/rtnl_handler.h"
#include "shill/net/sockets.h"
#include "shill/ppp_daemon.h"
#include "shill/ppp_device.h"
#include "shill/ppp_device_factory.h"
#include "shill/process_manager.h"
#include "shill/profile.h"
#include "shill/property_accessor.h"
#include "shill/store_interface.h"
#include "shill/technology.h"

namespace shill {

namespace Logging {
static auto kModuleLogScope = ScopeLogger::kCellular;
static std::string ObjectID(const Cellular* c) {
  return c->GetRpcIdentifier().value();
}
}  // namespace Logging

namespace {

// Maximum time to wait for Modem registration before canceling a pending
// connect attempt.
const int64_t kPendingConnectCancelMilliseconds = 60 * 1000;

class ApnList {
 public:
  void AddApns(
      const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<MobileOperatorInfo::MobileAPN>>& apns) {
    for (const auto& mobile_apn : apns)
      AddApn(mobile_apn);
  }

  const Stringmaps& GetList() { return apn_dict_list_; }

 private:
  using ApnIndexKey =
      std::tuple<std::string, std::string, std::string, std::string>;

  ApnIndexKey GetKey(
      const std::unique_ptr<MobileOperatorInfo::MobileAPN>& mobile_apn) {
    return std::make_tuple(mobile_apn->apn, mobile_apn->username,
                           mobile_apn->password, mobile_apn->authentication);
  }

  void AddApn(
      const std::unique_ptr<MobileOperatorInfo::MobileAPN>& mobile_apn) {
    ApnIndexKey index = GetKey(mobile_apn);
    if (apn_index_[index] == nullptr) {
      apn_dict_list_.emplace_back();
      apn_index_[index] = &apn_dict_list_.back();
    }

    Stringmap* props = apn_index_[index];
    if (!mobile_apn->apn.empty())
      props->emplace(kApnProperty, mobile_apn->apn);
    if (!mobile_apn->username.empty())
      props->emplace(kApnUsernameProperty, mobile_apn->username);
    if (!mobile_apn->password.empty())
      props->emplace(kApnPasswordProperty, mobile_apn->password);
    if (!mobile_apn->authentication.empty())
      props->emplace(kApnAuthenticationProperty, mobile_apn->authentication);
    if (mobile_apn->is_attach_apn)
      props->emplace(kApnAttachProperty, kApnAttachProperty);
    if (!mobile_apn->ip_type.empty())
      props->emplace(kApnIpTypeProperty, mobile_apn->ip_type);

    // Find the first localized and non-localized name, if any.
    if (!mobile_apn->operator_name_list.empty())
      props->emplace(kApnNameProperty, mobile_apn->operator_name_list[0].name);
    for (const auto& lname : mobile_apn->operator_name_list) {
      if (!lname.language.empty())
        props->emplace(kApnLocalizedNameProperty, lname.name);
    }
  }

  Stringmaps apn_dict_list_;
  std::map<ApnIndexKey, Stringmap*> apn_index_;
};

// Gets a printable value from a Stringmap without adding a value when it
// doesn't exist.
std::string GetStringmapValue(const Stringmap& string_map,
                              const std::string& key) {
  if (!base::Contains(string_map, key))
    return "";

  return string_map.at(key);
}

bool IsEnabledModemState(Cellular::ModemState state) {
  switch (state) {
    case Cellular::kModemStateFailed:
    case Cellular::kModemStateUnknown:
    case Cellular::kModemStateDisabled:
    case Cellular::kModemStateInitializing:
    case Cellular::kModemStateLocked:
    case Cellular::kModemStateDisabling:
    case Cellular::kModemStateEnabling:
      return false;
    case Cellular::kModemStateEnabled:
    case Cellular::kModemStateSearching:
    case Cellular::kModemStateRegistered:
    case Cellular::kModemStateDisconnecting:
    case Cellular::kModemStateConnecting:
    case Cellular::kModemStateConnected:
      return true;
  }
  return false;
}

}  // namespace

// static
const char Cellular::kAllowRoaming[] = "AllowRoaming";
const char Cellular::kPolicyAllowRoaming[] = "PolicyAllowRoaming";
const char Cellular::kUseAttachApn[] = "UseAttachAPN";
const char Cellular::kQ6V5ModemManufacturerName[] = "QUALCOMM INCORPORATED";
const char Cellular::kQ6V5DriverName[] = "qcom-q6v5-mss";
const char Cellular::kModemDriverSysfsName[] =
    "/sys/class/remoteproc/remoteproc0/device/driver";
const char Cellular::kModemResetSysfsName[] =
    "/sys/class/remoteproc/remoteproc0/state";
const int64_t Cellular::kModemResetTimeoutMilliseconds = 1 * 1000;
const int64_t Cellular::kPollLocationIntervalMilliseconds = 5 * 60 * 1000;

// static
std::string Cellular::GetStateString(State state) {
  switch (state) {
    case State::kDisabled:
      return "Disabled";
    case State::kEnabled:
      return "Enabled";
    case State::kModemStarting:
      return "ModemStarting";
    case State::kModemStarted:
      return "ModemStarted";
    case State::kModemStopping:
      return "ModemStopping";
    case State::kRegistered:
      return "Registered";
    case State::kConnected:
      return "Connected";
    case State::kLinked:
      return "Linked";
    default:
      NOTREACHED();
  }
  return base::StringPrintf("CellularStateUnknown-%d", state);
}

// static
std::string Cellular::GetModemStateString(ModemState modem_state) {
  switch (modem_state) {
    case kModemStateFailed:
      return "ModemStateFailed";
    case kModemStateUnknown:
      return "ModemStateUnknown";
    case kModemStateInitializing:
      return "ModemStateInitializing";
    case kModemStateLocked:
      return "ModemStateLocked";
    case kModemStateDisabled:
      return "ModemStateDisabled";
    case kModemStateDisabling:
      return "ModemStateDisabling";
    case kModemStateEnabling:
      return "ModemStateEnabling";
    case kModemStateEnabled:
      return "ModemStateEnabled";
    case kModemStateSearching:
      return "ModemStateSearching";
    case kModemStateRegistered:
      return "ModemStateRegistered";
    case kModemStateDisconnecting:
      return "ModemStateDisconnecting";
    case kModemStateConnecting:
      return "ModemStateConnecting";
    case kModemStateConnected:
      return "ModemStateConnected";
    default:
      NOTREACHED();
  }
  return base::StringPrintf("ModemStateUnknown-%d", modem_state);
}

Cellular::Cellular(Manager* manager,
                   const std::string& link_name,
                   const std::string& address,
                   int interface_index,
                   Type type,
                   const std::string& service,
                   const RpcIdentifier& path)
    : Device(
          manager, link_name, address, interface_index, Technology::kCellular),
      home_provider_info_(
          new MobileOperatorInfo(manager->dispatcher(), "HomeProvider")),
      serving_operator_info_(
          new MobileOperatorInfo(manager->dispatcher(), "ServingOperator")),
      dbus_service_(service),
      dbus_path_(path),
      dbus_path_str_(path.value()),
      type_(type),
      ppp_device_factory_(PPPDeviceFactory::GetInstance()),
      process_manager_(ProcessManager::GetInstance()) {
  RegisterProperties();

  // TODO(pprabhu) Split MobileOperatorInfo into a context that stores the
  // costly database, and lighter objects that |Cellular| can own.
  // crbug.com/363874
  home_provider_info_->Init();
  serving_operator_info_->Init();

  socket_destroyer_ = NetlinkSockDiag::Create(std::make_unique<Sockets>());
  if (!socket_destroyer_) {
    LOG(WARNING) << "Socket destroyer failed to initialize; "
                 << "IPv6 will be unavailable.";
  }

  // Create an initial Capability.
  CreateCapability();

  SLOG(this, 1) << "Cellular() " << this->link_name();
}

Cellular::~Cellular() {
  SLOG(this, 1) << "~Cellular() " << this->link_name();
  if (capability_)
    DestroyCapability();
}

std::string Cellular::GetLegacyEquipmentIdentifier() const {
  // 3GPP devices are uniquely identified by IMEI, which has 15 decimal digits.
  if (!imei_.empty())
    return imei_;

  // 3GPP2 devices are uniquely identified by MEID, which has 14 hexadecimal
  // digits.
  if (!meid_.empty())
    return meid_;

  // An equipment ID may be reported by ModemManager, which is typically the
  // serial number of a legacy AT modem, and is either the IMEI, MEID, or ESN
  // of a MBIM/QMI modem. This is used as a fallback in case neither IMEI nor
  // MEID could be retrieved through ModemManager (e.g. when there is no SIM
  // inserted, ModemManager doesn't expose modem 3GPP interface where the IMEI
  // is reported).
  if (!equipment_id_.empty())
    return equipment_id_;

  // If none of IMEI, MEID, and equipment ID is available, fall back to MAC
  // address.
  return mac_address();
}

std::string Cellular::GetStorageIdentifier() const {
  // Cellular is not guaranteed to have a valid MAC address, and other unique
  // identifiers may not be initially available. Use the link name to
  // differentiate between internal devices and external devices.
  return "device_" + link_name();
}

bool Cellular::Load(const StoreInterface* storage) {
  std::string id = GetStorageIdentifier();
  if (!storage->ContainsGroup(id)) {
    id = "device_" + GetLegacyEquipmentIdentifier();
    if (!storage->ContainsGroup(id)) {
      LOG(WARNING) << "Device is not available in the persistent store: " << id;
      return false;
    }
    legacy_storage_id_ = id;
  }
  storage->GetBool(id, kAllowRoaming, &allow_roaming_);
  storage->GetBool(id, kPolicyAllowRoaming, &policy_allow_roaming_);
  storage->GetBool(id, kUseAttachApn, &use_attach_apn_);
  LOG(INFO) << __func__ << " id:" << id << " " << kAllowRoaming << ":"
            << allow_roaming_ << " " << kPolicyAllowRoaming << ":"
            << policy_allow_roaming_ << " " << kUseAttachApn << ":"
            << use_attach_apn_ << " ";
  return Device::Load(storage);
}

bool Cellular::Save(StoreInterface* storage) {
  const std::string id = GetStorageIdentifier();
  storage->SetBool(id, kAllowRoaming, allow_roaming_);
  storage->SetBool(id, kPolicyAllowRoaming, policy_allow_roaming_);
  storage->SetBool(id, kUseAttachApn, use_attach_apn_);
  bool result = Device::Save(storage);
  LOG(INFO) << __func__ << " id: " << id << ": " << result;
  // TODO(b/181843251): Remove after M94.
  if (result && !legacy_storage_id_.empty() &&
      storage->ContainsGroup(legacy_storage_id_)) {
    LOG(INFO) << __func__
              << ": Deleting legacy storage id: " << legacy_storage_id_;
    storage->DeleteGroup(legacy_storage_id_);
    legacy_storage_id_.clear();
  }
  return result;
}

std::string Cellular::GetTechnologyFamily(Error* error) {
  return capability_ ? capability_->GetTypeString() : "";
}

std::string Cellular::GetDeviceId(Error* error) {
  return device_id_ ? device_id_->AsString() : "";
}

bool Cellular::ShouldBringNetworkInterfaceDownAfterDisabled() const {
  if (!device_id_)
    return false;

  // The cdc-mbim kernel driver stop draining the receive buffer after the
  // network interface is brought down. However, some MBIM modem (see
  // b:71505232) may misbehave if the host stops draining the receiver buffer
  // before issuing a MBIM command to disconnect the modem from network. To
  // work around the issue, shill needs to defer bringing down the network
  // interface until after the modem is disabled.
  //
  // TODO(benchan): Investigate if we need to apply the workaround for other
  // MBIM modems or revert this change once the issue is addressed by the modem
  // firmware on Fibocom L850-GL.
  static constexpr DeviceId kAffectedDeviceIds[] = {
      {DeviceId::BusType::kUsb, 0x2cb7, 0x0007},  // Fibocom L850-GL
  };
  for (const auto& affected_device_id : kAffectedDeviceIds) {
    if (device_id_->Match(affected_device_id))
      return true;
  }

  return false;
}

void Cellular::SetState(State state) {
  if (state == state_)
    return;
  LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": " << GetStateString(state_) << " -> "
            << GetStateString(state);
  state_ = state;
  UpdateScanning();
}

void Cellular::SetModemState(ModemState modem_state) {
  if (modem_state == modem_state_)
    return;
  LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": " << GetModemStateString(modem_state_) << " -> "
            << GetModemStateString(modem_state);
  modem_state_ = modem_state;
  UpdateScanning();
}

void Cellular::HelpRegisterDerivedBool(const std::string& name,
                                       bool (Cellular::*get)(Error* error),
                                       bool (Cellular::*set)(const bool& value,
                                                             Error* error)) {
  mutable_store()->RegisterDerivedBool(
      name, BoolAccessor(new CustomAccessor<Cellular, bool>(this, get, set)));
}

void Cellular::HelpRegisterConstDerivedString(
    const std::string& name, std::string (Cellular::*get)(Error*)) {
  mutable_store()->RegisterDerivedString(
      name, StringAccessor(
                new CustomAccessor<Cellular, std::string>(this, get, nullptr)));
}

void Cellular::Start(Error* error,
                     const EnabledStateChangedCallback& callback) {
  DCHECK(error);
  SLOG(this, 1) << __func__ << ": " << GetStateString(state_);

  if (!capability_) {
    // Report success, even though a connection will not succeed until a Modem
    // is instantiated and |cabability_| is created. Setting |state_|
    // to kEnabled here will cause CreateCapability to call StartModem.
    SetState(State::kEnabled);
    LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": Skipping Start (no capability).";
    if (error)
      error->Reset();
    return;
  }

  StartModem(error, callback);
}

void Cellular::Stop(Error* error, const EnabledStateChangedCallback& callback) {
  SLOG(this, 1) << __func__ << ": " << GetStateString(state_);
  if (!capability_) {
    // Modem is already stopped (it crashed or is inhibited). Invoke the
    // callback with no error to persist the disabled state.
    DestroySockets();
    callback.Run(Error());
    return;
  }

  StopModem(error, callback);
}

void Cellular::StartModem(Error* error,
                          const EnabledStateChangedCallback& callback) {
  DCHECK(capability_);
  LOG(INFO) << __func__;
  SetState(State::kModemStarting);
  capability_->StartModem(error,
                          base::Bind(&Cellular::StartModemCallback,
                                     weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr(), callback));
}

void Cellular::StartModemCallback(const EnabledStateChangedCallback& callback,
                                  const Error& error) {
  LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": state=" << GetStateString(state_);

  if (!error.IsSuccess()) {
    LOG(ERROR) << "StartModem failed: " << error;
    SetState(State::kEnabled);
    if (error.type() == Error::kWrongState) {
      // If the enable operation failed with Error::kWrongState, the modem is
      // in an unexpected state. This usually indicates a missing or locked
      // SIM. Invoke |callback| with no error so that the enable completes.
      // If the ModemState property later changes to 'disabled', StartModem
      // will be called again.
      callback.Run(Error());
    } else {
      callback.Run(error);
    }
    return;
  }

  SetState(State::kModemStarted);

  // Registration state updates may have been ignored while the
  // modem was not yet marked enabled.
  HandleNewRegistrationState();

  metrics()->NotifyDeviceEnableFinished(interface_index());

  callback.Run(Error());
}

void Cellular::StopModem(Error* error,
                         const EnabledStateChangedCallback& callback) {
  DCHECK(capability_);
  LOG(INFO) << __func__;
  SetState(State::kModemStopping);
  capability_->StopModem(error,
                         base::Bind(&Cellular::StopModemCallback,
                                    weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr(), callback));
}

void Cellular::StopModemCallback(const EnabledStateChangedCallback& callback,
                                 const Error& error) {
  LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": " << GetStateString(state_)
            << " Error: " << error;
  SetState(State::kDisabled);

  // Sockets should be destroyed here to ensure that we make new connections
  // when we next enable Cellular. Since the carrier may assign us a new IP
  // on reconnect and some carriers don't like it when packets are sent from
  // this device using the old IP, we need to make sure that we prevent further
  // packets from going out.
  DestroySockets();

  // Destroy any cellular services regardless of any errors that occur during
  // the stop process since we do not know the state of the modem at this point.
  DestroyAllServices();

  // In case no termination action was executed (and TerminationActionComplete
  // was not invoked) in response to a suspend request, any registered
  // termination action needs to be removed explicitly.
  manager()->RemoveTerminationAction(link_name());

  UpdateScanning();

  if (error.type() == Error::kWrongState) {
    // ModemManager.Modem will not respond to Stop when in a failed state. Allow
    // the callback to succeed so that Shill identifies and persists Cellular as
    // disabled. TODO(b/184974739): StopModem should probably succeed when in a
    // failed state.
    LOG(ERROR) << "StopModem returned an error: " << error;
    callback.Run(Error());
  } else {
    callback.Run(error);
  }
}

void Cellular::DestroySockets() {
  if (!socket_destroyer_)
    return;

  StopIPv6();
  for (const auto& address :
       manager()->device_info()->GetAddresses(interface_index())) {
    rtnl_handler()->RemoveInterfaceAddress(interface_index(), address);
    socket_destroyer_->DestroySockets(IPPROTO_TCP, address);
  }
}

void Cellular::CompleteActivation(Error* error) {
  if (capability_)
    capability_->CompleteActivation(error);
}

bool Cellular::IsUnderlyingDeviceEnabled() const {
  return IsEnabledModemState(modem_state_);
}

void Cellular::LinkEvent(unsigned int flags, unsigned int change) {
  Device::LinkEvent(flags, change);
  if (ppp_task_) {
    LOG(INFO) << "Ignoring LinkEvent on device with PPP interface.";
    return;
  }
  HandleLinkEvent(flags, change);
}

void Cellular::Scan(Error* error, const std::string& /*reason*/) {
  SLOG(this, 2) << "Scanning started";
  CHECK(error);
  if (proposed_scan_in_progress_) {
    Error::PopulateAndLog(FROM_HERE, error, Error::kInProgress,
                          "Already scanning");
    return;
  }

  if (!capability_)
    return;

  ResultStringmapsCallback cb =
      base::Bind(&Cellular::OnScanReply, weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr());
  capability_->Scan(error, cb);
  // An immediate failure in |cabapility_->Scan(...)| is indicated through the
  // |error| argument.
  if (error->IsFailure())
    return;

  proposed_scan_in_progress_ = true;
  UpdateScanning();
}

void Cellular::RegisterOnNetwork(const std::string& network_id,
                                 Error* error,
                                 const ResultCallback& callback) {
  if (!capability_)
    callback.Run(Error(Error::Type::kOperationFailed));
  capability_->RegisterOnNetwork(network_id, error, callback);
}

void Cellular::RequirePin(const std::string& pin,
                          bool require,
                          Error* error,
                          const ResultCallback& callback) {
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__ << "(" << require << ")";
  if (!capability_)
    callback.Run(Error(Error::Type::kOperationFailed));
  capability_->RequirePin(pin, require, error, callback);
}

void Cellular::EnterPin(const std::string& pin,
                        Error* error,
                        const ResultCallback& callback) {
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__;
  if (!capability_)
    callback.Run(Error(Error::Type::kOperationFailed));
  capability_->EnterPin(pin, error, callback);
}

void Cellular::UnblockPin(const std::string& unblock_code,
                          const std::string& pin,
                          Error* error,
                          const ResultCallback& callback) {
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__;
  if (!capability_)
    callback.Run(Error(Error::Type::kOperationFailed));
  capability_->UnblockPin(unblock_code, pin, error, callback);
}

void Cellular::ChangePin(const std::string& old_pin,
                         const std::string& new_pin,
                         Error* error,
                         const ResultCallback& callback) {
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__;
  if (!capability_)
    callback.Run(Error(Error::Type::kOperationFailed));
  capability_->ChangePin(old_pin, new_pin, error, callback);
}

void Cellular::Reset(Error* error, const ResultCallback& callback) {
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__;

  // Qualcomm q6v5 modems on trogdor do not support reset using qmi messages.
  // As per QC the only way to reset the modem is to use the sysfs interface.
  if (IsQ6V5Modem()) {
    if (!ResetQ6V5Modem()) {
      callback.Run(Error(Error::Type::kOperationFailed));
    } else {
      callback.Run(Error(Error::Type::kSuccess));
    }
    return;
  }

  if (!capability_)
    callback.Run(Error(Error::Type::kOperationFailed));
  capability_->Reset(error, callback);
}

void Cellular::DropConnection() {
  if (ppp_device_) {
    // For PPP dongles, IP configuration is handled on the |ppp_device_|,
    // rather than the netdev plumbed into |this|.
    ppp_device_->DropConnection();
  } else {
    Device::DropConnection();
  }
}

void Cellular::SetServiceState(Service::ConnectState state) {
  if (ppp_device_) {
    ppp_device_->SetServiceState(state);
  } else if (selected_service()) {
    Device::SetServiceState(state);
  } else if (service_) {
    service_->SetState(state);
  } else {
    LOG(WARNING) << "State change with no Service.";
  }
}

void Cellular::SetServiceFailure(Service::ConnectFailure failure_state) {
  LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": "
               << Service::ConnectFailureToString(failure_state);
  if (ppp_device_) {
    ppp_device_->SetServiceFailure(failure_state);
  } else if (selected_service()) {
    Device::SetServiceFailure(failure_state);
  } else if (service_) {
    service_->SetFailure(failure_state);
  } else {
    LOG(WARNING) << "State change with no Service.";
  }
}

void Cellular::SetServiceFailureSilent(Service::ConnectFailure failure_state) {
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__ << ": "
                << Service::ConnectFailureToString(failure_state);
  if (ppp_device_) {
    ppp_device_->SetServiceFailureSilent(failure_state);
  } else if (selected_service()) {
    Device::SetServiceFailureSilent(failure_state);
  } else if (service_) {
    service_->SetFailureSilent(failure_state);
  } else {
    LOG(WARNING) << "State change with no Service.";
  }
}

void Cellular::OnConnected() {
  if (StateIsConnected()) {
    SLOG(this, 1) << __func__ << ": Already connected";
    return;
  }
  SLOG(this, 1) << __func__;
  SetState(State::kConnected);
  if (!service_) {
    LOG(INFO) << "Disconnecting due to no cellular service.";
    Disconnect(nullptr, "no cellular service");
  } else if (service_->IsRoamingRuleViolated()) {
    // TODO(pholla): This logic is probably unreachable since we have two gate
    // keepers that prevent this scenario.
    // a) Cellular::Connect prevents connects if roaming rules are violated.
    // b) CellularCapability3gpp::FillConnectPropertyMap will not allow MM to
    //    connect to roaming networks.
    LOG(INFO) << "Disconnecting due to roaming.";
    Disconnect(nullptr, "roaming disallowed");
  } else {
    EstablishLink();
  }
}

void Cellular::OnBeforeSuspend(const ResultCallback& callback) {
  LOG(INFO) << __func__;
  Error error;
  StopPPP();
  capability_->SetModemToLowPowerModeOnModemStop(true);
  SetEnabledNonPersistent(false, &error, callback);
  if (error.IsFailure() && error.type() != Error::kInProgress) {
    // If we fail to disable the modem right away, proceed instead of wasting
    // the time to wait for the suspend/termination delay to expire.
    LOG(WARNING) << "Proceed with suspend/termination even though the modem "
                 << "is not yet disabled: " << error;
    callback.Run(error);
  }
}

void Cellular::OnAfterResume() {
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__;
  if (enabled_persistent()) {
    LOG(INFO) << "Restarting modem after resume.";

    Error error;
    SetEnabledUnchecked(true, &error, base::Bind(LogRestartModemResult));
    if (error.IsSuccess()) {
      LOG(INFO) << "Modem restart completed immediately.";
    } else if (error.IsOngoing()) {
      LOG(INFO) << "Modem restart in progress.";
    } else {
      LOG(WARNING) << "Modem restart failed: " << error;
    }
  }

  // Re-enable IPv6 so we can renegotiate an IP address.
  StartIPv6();

  // TODO(quiche): Consider if this should be conditional. If, e.g.,
  // the device was still disabling when we suspended, will trying to
  // renew DHCP here cause problems?
  Device::OnAfterResume();
}

std::vector<GeolocationInfo> Cellular::GetGeolocationObjects() const {
  const std::string& mcc = location_info_.mcc;
  const std::string& mnc = location_info_.mnc;
  const std::string& lac = location_info_.lac;
  const std::string& cid = location_info_.ci;

  GeolocationInfo geolocation_info;

  if (!(mcc.empty() || mnc.empty() || lac.empty() || cid.empty())) {
    geolocation_info[kGeoMobileCountryCodeProperty] = mcc;
    geolocation_info[kGeoMobileNetworkCodeProperty] = mnc;
    geolocation_info[kGeoLocationAreaCodeProperty] = lac;
    geolocation_info[kGeoCellIdProperty] = cid;
    // kGeoTimingAdvanceProperty currently unused in geolocation API
  }
  // Else we have either an incomplete location, no location yet,
  // or some unsupported location type, so don't return something incorrect.

  return {geolocation_info};
}

void Cellular::ReAttach() {
  SLOG(this, 1) << __func__;
  if (!enabled() && !enabled_pending()) {
    LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << " Modem not enabled, skipped re-attach.";
    return;
  }

  capability_->SetModemToLowPowerModeOnModemStop(false);
  Error error;
  SetEnabledNonPersistent(false, &error,
                          base::Bind(&Cellular::ReAttachOnDetachComplete,
                                     weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr()));
  if (error.IsFailure() && error.type() != Error::kInProgress) {
    LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << " Detaching the modem failed: " << error;
    // Reset the flag to its default value.
    capability_->SetModemToLowPowerModeOnModemStop(true);
  }
}

void Cellular::ReAttachOnDetachComplete(const Error&) {
  Error error;
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__;
  // Reset the flag to its default value.
  capability_->SetModemToLowPowerModeOnModemStop(true);

  SetEnabledUnchecked(true, &error, base::Bind(LogRestartModemResult));
  if (error.IsFailure() && !error.IsOngoing())
    LOG(WARNING) << "Modem restart completed immediately.";
}

void Cellular::CancelPendingConnect() {
  ConnectToPendingFailed(Service::kFailureDisconnect);
}

void Cellular::OnScanReply(const Stringmaps& found_networks,
                           const Error& error) {
  SLOG(this, 2) << "Scanning completed";
  proposed_scan_in_progress_ = false;
  UpdateScanning();

  // TODO(jglasgow): fix error handling.
  // At present, there is no way of notifying user of this asynchronous error.
  if (error.IsFailure()) {
    if (!found_networks_.empty())
      SetFoundNetworks(Stringmaps());
    return;
  }

  SetFoundNetworks(found_networks);
}

// Called from an asyc D-Bus function
// Relies on location handler to fetch relevant value from map
void Cellular::GetLocationCallback(const std::string& gpp_lac_ci_string,
                                   const Error& error) {
  // Expects string of form "MCC,MNC,LAC,CI"
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__ << ": " << gpp_lac_ci_string;
  std::vector<std::string> location_vec = SplitString(
      gpp_lac_ci_string, ",", base::TRIM_WHITESPACE, base::SPLIT_WANT_ALL);
  if (location_vec.size() < 4) {
    LOG(ERROR) << "Unable to parse location string " << gpp_lac_ci_string;
    return;
  }
  location_info_.mcc = location_vec[0];
  location_info_.mnc = location_vec[1];
  location_info_.lac = location_vec[2];
  location_info_.ci = location_vec[3];

  // Alert manager that location has been updated.
  manager()->OnDeviceGeolocationInfoUpdated(this);
}

void Cellular::PollLocationTask() {
  SLOG(this, 4) << __func__;

  PollLocation();

  dispatcher()->PostDelayedTask(FROM_HERE, poll_location_task_.callback(),
                                kPollLocationIntervalMilliseconds);
}

void Cellular::PollLocation() {
  if (!capability_)
    return;
  StringCallback cb = base::Bind(&Cellular::GetLocationCallback,
                                 weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr());
  capability_->GetLocation(cb);
}

void Cellular::HandleNewSignalQuality(uint32_t strength) {
  SLOG(this, 2) << "Signal strength: " << strength;
  if (service_) {
    service_->SetStrength(strength);
  }
}

void Cellular::HandleNewRegistrationState() {
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__ << ": state = " << GetStateString(state_);

  CHECK(capability_);
  if (!capability_->IsRegistered()) {
    if (!explicit_disconnect_ && StateIsConnected() && service_.get()) {
      metrics()->NotifyCellularDeviceDrop(
          capability_->GetNetworkTechnologyString(), service_->strength());
    }
    if (StateIsRegistered()) {
      // If the state is moving out of Connected/Linked clean up IP/networking.
      OnDisconnected();
      SetState(State::kEnabled);
    }
    StopLocationPolling();
    return;
  }

  switch (state_) {
    case State::kDisabled:
    case State::kModemStarting:
    case State::kModemStopping:
      // Defer updating Services while disabled and during transitions.
      return;
    case State::kEnabled:
      LOG(WARNING) << "Capability is registered but State=Enabled. Setting to "
                      "Registered. ModemState="
                   << GetModemStateString(modem_state_);
      SetRegistered();
      break;
    case State::kModemStarted:
      SetRegistered();
      break;
    case State::kRegistered:
    case State::kConnected:
    case State::kLinked:
      // Already registered
      break;
  }

  UpdateServices();
}

void Cellular::SetRegistered() {
  DCHECK(!StateIsRegistered());
  SetState(State::kRegistered);
  // Once the modem becomes registered, begin polling location; registered means
  // we've successfully connected
  StartLocationPolling();
}

void Cellular::UpdateServices() {
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__;
  // When Disabled, ensure all services are destroyed except when ModemState is:
  //  * Locked: The primary SIM is locked and the modem has not started.
  //  * Failed: No valid SIM in the primary slot.
  // In these cases we want to create any services we know about for the UI.
  if (state_ == State::kDisabled && modem_state_ != kModemStateLocked &&
      modem_state_ != kModemStateFailed) {
    DestroyAllServices();
    return;
  }

  // If iccid_ is empty, the primary slot is not set, so do not create a
  // primary service. CreateSecondaryServices() will have been called in
  // SetSimProperties(). Just ensure that the Services are updated.
  if (iccid_.empty()) {
    manager()->cellular_service_provider()->UpdateServices(this);
    return;
  }

  // Ensure that a Service matching the Device SIM Profile exists and has its
  // |connectable_| property set correctly.
  if (!service_ || service_->iccid() != iccid_) {
    CreateServices();
  } else {
    manager()->cellular_service_provider()->UpdateServices(this);
  }

  if (state_ == State::kRegistered && modem_state_ == kModemStateConnected)
    OnConnected();

  service_->SetNetworkTechnology(capability_->GetNetworkTechnologyString());
  service_->SetRoamingState(capability_->GetRoamingStateString());
  manager()->UpdateService(service_);
  ConnectToPending();
}

void Cellular::CreateServices() {
  if (service_for_testing_)
    return;

  if (service_ && service_->iccid() == iccid_) {
    LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Service already exists for ICCID.";
    return;
  }

  CHECK(capability_);
  DCHECK(manager()->cellular_service_provider());

  // Create or update Cellular Services for the primary SIM.
  service_ =
      manager()->cellular_service_provider()->LoadServicesForDevice(this);
  LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": Service=" << service_->log_name();

  // Create or update Cellular Services for secondary SIMs.
  UpdateSecondaryServices();

  capability_->OnServiceCreated();

  // Ensure operator properties are updated.
  OnOperatorChanged();
}

void Cellular::DestroyAllServices() {
  LOG(INFO) << __func__;
  DropConnection();

  if (service_for_testing_)
    return;

  DCHECK(manager()->cellular_service_provider());
  manager()->cellular_service_provider()->RemoveServices();
  service_ = nullptr;
}

void Cellular::UpdateSecondaryServices() {
  for (const SimProperties& sim_properties : sim_slot_properties_) {
    if (sim_properties.iccid.empty() || sim_properties.iccid == iccid_)
      continue;
    manager()->cellular_service_provider()->LoadServicesForSecondarySim(
        sim_properties.eid, sim_properties.iccid, sim_properties.imsi, this);
  }

  // Remove any Services no longer associated with a SIM slot.
  manager()->cellular_service_provider()->RemoveNonDeviceServices(this);
}

void Cellular::OnModemDestroyed() {
  StopLocationPolling();
  DestroyCapability();

  // Under certain conditions, Cellular::StopModem may not be called before
  // the Modem object is destroyed. This happens if the dbus modem exported
  // by the modem-manager daemon disappears soon after the modem is disabled,
  // not giving Shill enough time to complete the disable operation.
  // In that case, the termination action associated with this cellular object
  // may not have been removed.
  manager()->RemoveTerminationAction(link_name());
}

void Cellular::CreateCapability() {
  SLOG(this, 1) << __func__;
  CHECK(!capability_);
  capability_ = CellularCapability::Create(
      type_, this, manager()->control_interface(), manager()->metrics(),
      manager()->modem_info()->pending_activation_store());
  if (initial_properties_.has_value()) {
    SetInitialProperties(*initial_properties_);
    initial_properties_ = base::nullopt;
  }

  home_provider_info_->AddObserver(this);
  serving_operator_info_->AddObserver(this);

  // If Cellular::Start has not been called, or Cellular::Stop has been called,
  // we still want to create the capability, but not call StartModem.
  if (state_ == State::kModemStopping || state_ == State::kDisabled)
    return;

  StartModem(/*error=*/nullptr, base::DoNothing());
}

void Cellular::DestroyCapability() {
  SLOG(this, 1) << __func__;

  home_provider_info_->RemoveObserver(this);
  serving_operator_info_->RemoveObserver(this);
  // When there is a SIM swap, ModemManager destroys and creates a new modem
  // object. Reset the mobile operator info to avoid stale data.
  home_provider_info()->Reset();
  serving_operator_info()->Reset();

  // Make sure we are disconnected.
  StopPPP();
  DisconnectCleanup();

  // |service_| holds a pointer to |this|. We need to disassociate it here so
  // that |this| will be destroyed if the interface is removed.
  if (service_) {
    service_->SetDevice(nullptr);
    service_ = nullptr;
  }

  capability_.reset();

  if (state_ != State::kDisabled)
    SetState(State::kEnabled);
  SetModemState(kModemStateUnknown);
}

bool Cellular::GetConnectable(CellularService* service) const {
  // Check |iccid_| in case sim_slot_properties_ have not been set.
  if (service->iccid() == iccid_)
    return true;
  // If the Service ICCID matches the ICCID in any slot, that Service can be
  // connected to (by changing the active slot if necessary).
  for (const SimProperties& sim_properties : sim_slot_properties_) {
    if (sim_properties.iccid == service->iccid())
      return true;
  }
  return false;
}

void Cellular::NotifyCellularConnectionResult(const Error& error,
                                              const std::string& iccid,
                                              bool is_user_triggered) {
  SLOG(this, 3) << __func__ << ": Result: " << error.type();
  // Don't report successive failures on the same SIM when the `Connect` is
  // triggered by `AutoConnect`, and the failures are the same.
  if (error.type() != Error::kSuccess && !is_user_triggered &&
      last_cellular_connection_results_.count(iccid) > 0 &&
      error.type() == last_cellular_connection_results_[iccid]) {
    SLOG(this, 3) << " Skipping repetitive failure metric. Error: "
                  << error.message();
    return;
  }
  metrics()->NotifyCellularConnectionResult(error.type());
  last_cellular_connection_results_[iccid] = error.type();
}

void Cellular::Connect(CellularService* service, Error* error) {
  CHECK(service);
  LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": " << service->log_name();

  if (!capability_) {
    Error::PopulateAndLog(FROM_HERE, error, Error::kWrongState,
                          "Connect Failed: Modem not available.");
    NotifyCellularConnectionResult(*error, service->iccid(),
                                   service_->is_in_user_connect());
    return;
  }

  if (inhibited_) {
    Error::PopulateAndLog(FROM_HERE, error, Error::kWrongState,
                          "Connect Failed: Inhibited.");
    NotifyCellularConnectionResult(*error, service->iccid(),
                                   service_->is_in_user_connect());
    return;
  }

  if (!connect_pending_iccid_.empty() &&
      connect_pending_iccid_ == service->iccid()) {
    Error error_temp = Error(Error::kWrongState, "Connect Failed: Inhibited.");
    LOG(WARNING) << error_temp.message();
    NotifyCellularConnectionResult(error_temp, service->iccid(),
                                   service_->is_in_user_connect());
    return;
  }

  if (scanning_) {
    LOG(INFO) << "Cellular is scanning. Pending connect to: "
              << service->log_name();
    SetPendingConnect(service->iccid());
    return;
  }

  if (service->iccid() != iccid_) {
    // If the Service has a different ICCID than the current one, Disconnect
    // from the current Service if connected, switch to the correct SIM slot,
    // and set |connect_pending_iccid_|. The Connect will be retried after the
    // slot change completes (which may take a while).
    if (StateIsConnected())
      Disconnect(nullptr, "switching service");
    if (!sim_slot_switch_allowed_) {
      LOG(INFO) << "sim_slot_switch_allowed -> true";
      sim_slot_switch_allowed_ = true;
    }
    if (capability_->SetPrimarySimSlotForIccid(service->iccid())) {
      SetPendingConnect(service->iccid());
    } else {
      Error::PopulateAndLog(FROM_HERE, error, Error::kOperationFailed,
                            "Connect Failed: ICCID not available.");
      NotifyCellularConnectionResult(*error, service->iccid(),
                                     service_->is_in_user_connect());
    }
    return;
  }

  if (!StateIsStarted()) {
    Error::PopulateAndLog(FROM_HERE, error, Error::kOperationFailed,
                          "Connect Failed: Modem not started.");
    NotifyCellularConnectionResult(*error, service->iccid(),
                                   service_->is_in_user_connect());
    return;
  }

  if (StateIsConnected()) {
    Error::PopulateAndLog(FROM_HERE, error, Error::kAlreadyConnected,
                          "Already connected; connection request ignored.");
    NotifyCellularConnectionResult(*error, service->iccid(),
                                   service_->is_in_user_connect());
    return;
  } else if (state_ != State::kRegistered) {
    LOG(ERROR) << "Connect attempted while state = " << GetStateString(state_);
    Error::PopulateAndLog(FROM_HERE, error, Error::kNotRegistered,
                          "Connect Failed: Modem not registered.");
    NotifyCellularConnectionResult(*error, service->iccid(),
                                   service_->is_in_user_connect());
    return;
  }

  if (service->IsRoamingRuleViolated()) {
    Error::PopulateAndLog(FROM_HERE, error, Error::kNotOnHomeNetwork,
                          "Connect Failed: Roaming disallowed.");
    NotifyCellularConnectionResult(*error, service->iccid(),
                                   service_->is_in_user_connect());
    return;
  }

  OnConnecting();
  capability_->Connect(
      base::Bind(&Cellular::OnConnectReply, weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr(),
                 service->iccid(), service_->is_in_user_connect()));

  metrics()->NotifyDeviceConnectStarted(interface_index());
}

// Note that there's no ResultCallback argument to this since Connect() isn't
// yet passed one.
void Cellular::OnConnectReply(std::string iccid,
                              bool is_user_triggered,
                              const Error& error) {
  NotifyCellularConnectionResult(error, iccid, is_user_triggered);
  if (!error.IsSuccess()) {
    LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": Failed: " << error;
    if (service_ && service_->iccid() == iccid)
      service_->SetFailure(Service::kFailureConnect);
    return;
  }
  metrics()->NotifyDeviceConnectFinished(interface_index());
  OnConnected();
}

void Cellular::OnEnabled() {
  SLOG(this, 1) << __func__;
  manager()->AddTerminationAction(
      link_name(),
      base::Bind(&Cellular::StartTermination, weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr()));
  if (!enabled() && !enabled_pending()) {
    LOG(WARNING) << "OnEnabled called while not enabling, setting enabled.";
    SetEnabled(true);
  }
}

void Cellular::OnConnecting() {
  if (service_)
    service_->SetState(Service::kStateAssociating);
}

void Cellular::Disconnect(Error* error, const char* reason) {
  SLOG(this, 1) << __func__ << ": " << reason;
  if (!StateIsConnected()) {
    Error::PopulateAndLog(FROM_HERE, error, Error::kNotConnected,
                          "Not connected; request ignored.");
    return;
  }
  if (!capability_) {
    Error::PopulateAndLog(FROM_HERE, error, Error::kOperationFailed,
                          "Modem not available.");
    return;
  }
  StopPPP();
  explicit_disconnect_ = true;
  ResultCallback cb =
      base::Bind(&Cellular::OnDisconnectReply, weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr());
  capability_->Disconnect(cb);
}

void Cellular::OnDisconnectReply(const Error& error) {
  explicit_disconnect_ = false;
  if (!error.IsSuccess()) {
    LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": Failed: " << error;
    OnDisconnectFailed();
    return;
  }
  OnDisconnected();
}

void Cellular::OnDisconnected() {
  SLOG(this, 1) << __func__;
  if (!DisconnectCleanup()) {
    LOG(WARNING) << "Disconnect occurred while in state "
                 << GetStateString(state_);
  }
}

void Cellular::OnDisconnectFailed() {
  SLOG(this, 1) << __func__;
  // If the modem is in the disconnecting state, then the disconnect should
  // eventually succeed, so do nothing.
  if (modem_state_ == kModemStateDisconnecting) {
    LOG(INFO) << "Ignoring failed disconnect while modem is disconnecting.";
    return;
  }

  // OnDisconnectFailed got called because no bearers to disconnect were found.
  // Which means that we shouldn't really remain in the connected/linked state
  // if we are in one of those.
  if (!DisconnectCleanup()) {
    // otherwise, no-op
    LOG(WARNING) << "Ignoring failed disconnect while in state "
                 << GetStateString(state_);
  }

  // TODO(armansito): In either case, shill ends up thinking that it's
  // disconnected, while for some reason the underlying modem might still
  // actually be connected. In that case the UI would be reflecting an incorrect
  // state and a further connection request would fail. We should perhaps tear
  // down the modem and restart it here.
}

void Cellular::EstablishLink() {
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__;
  CHECK_EQ(State::kConnected, state_);
  CHECK(capability_);

  CellularBearer* bearer = capability_->GetActiveBearer();
  if (bearer && bearer->ipv4_config_method() == IPConfig::kMethodPPP) {
    LOG(INFO) << "Start PPP connection on " << bearer->data_interface();
    StartPPP(bearer->data_interface());
    return;
  }

  unsigned int flags = 0;
  if (manager()->device_info()->GetFlags(interface_index(), &flags) &&
      (flags & IFF_UP) != 0) {
    LinkEvent(flags, IFF_UP);
    return;
  }
  // TODO(petkov): Provide a timeout for a failed link-up request.
  rtnl_handler()->SetInterfaceFlags(interface_index(), IFF_UP, IFF_UP);

  // Set state to associating.
  OnConnecting();
}

void Cellular::HandleLinkEvent(unsigned int flags, unsigned int change) {
  if ((flags & IFF_UP) != 0 && state_ == State::kConnected) {
    LOG(INFO) << link_name() << " is up.";
    SetState(State::kLinked);

    // b/182524993, b/185750211 - Currently we only support 1 config method
    // (either IPv4 or IPv6) per bearer. On IPv4 only and IPv6 only network,
    // we will pick the corresponding method from the bearer. For dual stack
    // networks, IPv4 config will be used here and Ipv6 config will be
    // populated using the kernel path.
    CHECK(capability_);
    CellularBearer* bearer = capability_->GetActiveBearer();
    if (bearer && bearer->ipv4_config_method() == IPConfig::kMethodStatic) {
      SLOG(this, 2) << "Assign static IP configuration from bearer.";
      SelectService(service_);
      SetServiceState(Service::kStateConfiguring);
      // Override the MTU with a given limit for a specific serving operator
      // if the network doesn't report something lower.
      IPConfig::Properties properties = *bearer->ipv4_config_properties();
      if (serving_operator_info_ &&
          serving_operator_info_->mtu() != IPConfig::kUndefinedMTU &&
          (properties.mtu == IPConfig::kUndefinedMTU ||
           serving_operator_info_->mtu() < properties.mtu)) {
        properties.mtu = serving_operator_info_->mtu();
      }
      AssignIPConfig(properties);
      return;
    }

    if (bearer && bearer->ipv6_config_method() == IPConfig::kMethodStatic) {
      LOG(INFO) << "Assign static IPv6 configuration from bearer.";
      SelectService(service_);
      SetServiceState(Service::kStateConfiguring);
      IPConfig::Properties properties = *bearer->ipv6_config_properties();
      // TODO(b:176060170): Combine values from IPv6 as well..
      AssignIPv6Config(properties);
      return;
    }

    if (AcquireIPConfig()) {
      SLOG(this, 2) << "Start DHCP to acquire IP configuration.";
      SelectService(service_);
      SetServiceState(Service::kStateConfiguring);
      return;
    }

    LOG(ERROR) << "Unable to acquire IP configuration over DHCP.";
    return;
  }

  if ((flags & IFF_UP) == 0 && state_ == State::kLinked) {
    LOG(INFO) << link_name() << " is down.";
    DestroyAllServices();
  }
}

void Cellular::SetInitialProperties(const InterfaceToProperties& properties) {
  if (!capability_) {
    LOG(WARNING) << "SetInitialProperties with no Capability";
    initial_properties_ = properties;
    return;
  }
  capability_->SetInitialProperties(properties);
}

void Cellular::OnModemStateChanged(ModemState new_state) {
  ModemState old_modem_state = modem_state_;
  if (old_modem_state == new_state) {
    SLOG(this, 3) << "The new state matches the old state. Nothing to do.";
    return;
  }

  SLOG(this, 1) << __func__ << " State: " << GetStateString(state_)
                << " ModemState: " << GetModemStateString(new_state);
  SetModemState(new_state);
  CHECK(capability_);

  if (old_modem_state >= kModemStateRegistered &&
      modem_state_ < kModemStateRegistered) {
    if (state_ == State::kModemStarting) {
      // Avoid un-registering the modem while the Capability is starting the
      // Modem to prevent unexpected spurious state changes.
      // TODO(stevenjb): Audit logs and remove or tighten this logic.
      LOG(WARNING) << "Modem state change while capability starting, "
                   << " ModemState: " << GetModemStateString(new_state);
    } else {
      capability_->SetUnregistered(modem_state_ == kModemStateSearching);
      HandleNewRegistrationState();
    }
  }

  if (old_modem_state < kModemStateEnabled &&
      modem_state_ >= kModemStateEnabled) {
    // Just became enabled, update enabled state.
    OnEnabled();
  }

  switch (modem_state_) {
    case kModemStateFailed:
    case kModemStateUnknown:
    case kModemStateInitializing:
    case kModemStateLocked:
      break;
    case kModemStateDisabled:
      // When the Modem becomes disabled, Cellular is not necessarily disabled.
      // This may occur after a SIM swap or eSIM profile change. Ensure that
      // the Modem is started.
      if (state_ == State::kEnabled)
        StartModem(/*error=*/nullptr, base::DoNothing());
      break;
    case kModemStateDisabling:
    case kModemStateEnabling:
      break;
    case kModemStateEnabled:
    case kModemStateSearching:
    case kModemStateRegistered:
      if (old_modem_state == kModemStateConnected ||
          old_modem_state == kModemStateConnecting ||
          old_modem_state == kModemStateDisconnecting) {
        OnDisconnected();
      }
      break;
    case kModemStateDisconnecting:
      break;
    case kModemStateConnecting:
      OnConnecting();
      break;
    case kModemStateConnected:
      if (old_modem_state == kModemStateConnecting)
        OnConnected();
      break;
  }
}

bool Cellular::IsActivating() const {
  return capability_ && capability_->IsActivating();
}

bool Cellular::GetAllowRoaming(Error* /*error*/) {
  return service_ ? service_->GetAllowRoaming() : allow_roaming_;
}

bool Cellular::SetAllowRoaming(const bool& value, Error* error) {
  if (allow_roaming_ == value)
    return false;

  LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": " << allow_roaming_ << "->" << value;

  allow_roaming_ = value;
  adaptor()->EmitBoolChanged(kCellularAllowRoamingProperty, value);
  manager()->UpdateDevice(this);

  if (service_ && service_->IsRoamingRuleViolated()) {
    Error error;
    Disconnect(&error, __func__);
  }

  return true;
}

bool Cellular::GetPolicyAllowRoaming(Error* /*error*/) {
  return policy_allow_roaming_;
}

bool Cellular::SetPolicyAllowRoaming(const bool& value, Error* error) {
  if (policy_allow_roaming_ == value)
    return false;

  LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": " << policy_allow_roaming_ << "->" << value;

  policy_allow_roaming_ = value;
  adaptor()->EmitBoolChanged(kCellularPolicyAllowRoamingProperty, value);
  manager()->UpdateDevice(this);

  if (service_ && service_->IsRoamingRuleViolated()) {
    Error error;
    Disconnect(&error, __func__);
  }

  return true;
}

bool Cellular::SetUseAttachApn(const bool& value, Error* error) {
  if (use_attach_apn_ == value)
    return false;
  LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": " << use_attach_apn_ << "->" << value;

  use_attach_apn_ = value;

  if (capability_) {
    // We need to detach and re-attach to the LTE network in order to use the
    // attach APN.
    ReAttach();
  }

  adaptor()->EmitBoolChanged(kUseAttachAPNProperty, value);
  return true;
}

bool Cellular::GetInhibited(Error* error) {
  return inhibited_;
}

bool Cellular::SetInhibited(const bool& inhibited, Error* error) {
  if (inhibited == inhibited_) {
    LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": State already set, ignoring request.";
    return false;
  }
  LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": " << inhibited;

  // Clear any pending connect when inhibited changes.
  SetPendingConnect(std::string());

  inhibited_ = inhibited;

  // Update and emit Scanning before Inhibited. This allows the UI to wait for
  // Scanning to be false once Inhibit changes to know when an Inhibit operation
  // completes. UpdateScanning will call ConnectToPending if Scanning is false.
  UpdateScanning();
  adaptor()->EmitBoolChanged(kInhibitedProperty, inhibited_);

  return true;
}

KeyValueStore Cellular::GetSimLockStatus(Error* error) {
  if (!capability_) {
    // modemmanager might be inhibited or restarting.
    LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << " called with null capability.";
    return KeyValueStore();
  }
  return capability_->SimLockStatusToProperty(error);
}

void Cellular::SetSimPresent(bool sim_present) {
  if (sim_present_ == sim_present)
    return;

  sim_present_ = sim_present;
  adaptor()->EmitBoolChanged(kSIMPresentProperty, sim_present_);
}

void Cellular::StartTermination() {
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__;
  OnBeforeSuspend(base::Bind(&Cellular::OnTerminationCompleted,
                             weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr()));
}

void Cellular::OnTerminationCompleted(const Error& error) {
  LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": " << error;
  manager()->TerminationActionComplete(link_name());
  manager()->RemoveTerminationAction(link_name());
}

bool Cellular::DisconnectCleanup() {
  if (!StateIsConnected())
    return false;
  SetState(State::kRegistered);
  SetServiceFailureSilent(Service::kFailureNone);
  DestroyIPConfig();
  return true;
}

// static
void Cellular::LogRestartModemResult(const Error& error) {
  if (error.IsSuccess()) {
    LOG(INFO) << "Modem restart completed.";
  } else {
    LOG(WARNING) << "Attempt to restart modem failed: " << error;
  }
}

bool Cellular::ResetQ6V5Modem() {
  // TODO(b/177375637): Check for q6v5 driver before resetting the modem.
  int fd = HANDLE_EINTR(
      open(kModemResetSysfsName, O_WRONLY | O_NONBLOCK | O_CLOEXEC));
  if (fd < 0) {
    PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open sysfs file to reset modem.";
    return false;
  }

  base::ScopedFD scoped_fd(fd);
  if (!base::WriteFileDescriptor(scoped_fd.get(), "stop")) {
    PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to stop modem";
    return false;
  }
  usleep(kModemResetTimeoutMilliseconds * 1000);
  if (!base::WriteFileDescriptor(scoped_fd.get(), "start")) {
    PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to start modem";
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

bool Cellular::IsQ6V5Modem() {
  base::FilePath driver_path, driver_name;

  // Check if manufacturer is equal to "QUALCOMM INCORPORATED" and
  // if remoteproc0/device/driver in sysfs links to "qcom-q6v5-mss".
  driver_path = base::FilePath(kModemDriverSysfsName);
  return (manufacturer_ == kQ6V5ModemManufacturerName &&
          base::ReadSymbolicLink(driver_path, &driver_name) &&
          driver_name.BaseName() == base::FilePath(kQ6V5DriverName));
}

void Cellular::StartPPP(const std::string& serial_device) {
  SLOG(PPP, this, 2) << __func__ << " on " << serial_device;
  // Detach any SelectedService from this device. It will be grafted onto
  // the PPPDevice after PPP is up (in Cellular::Notify).
  //
  // This has two important effects: 1) kills dhcpcd if it is running.
  // 2) stops Cellular::LinkEvent from driving changes to the
  // SelectedService.
  if (selected_service()) {
    CHECK_EQ(service_.get(), selected_service().get());
    // Save and restore |service_| state, as DropConnection calls
    // SelectService, and SelectService will move selected_service()
    // to State::kIdle.
    Service::ConnectState original_state(service_->state());
    Device::DropConnection();  // Don't redirect to PPPDevice.
    service_->SetState(original_state);
  } else {
    CHECK(!ipconfig());  // Shouldn't have ipconfig without selected_service().
  }

  PPPDaemon::DeathCallback death_callback(
      base::Bind(&Cellular::OnPPPDied, weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr()));

  PPPDaemon::Options options;
  options.no_detach = true;
  options.no_default_route = true;
  options.use_peer_dns = true;
  options.max_fail = 1;

  is_ppp_authenticating_ = false;

  Error error;
  std::unique_ptr<ExternalTask> new_ppp_task(PPPDaemon::Start(
      control_interface(), process_manager_, weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr(),
      options, serial_device, death_callback, &error));
  if (new_ppp_task) {
    SLOG(this, 1) << "Forked pppd process.";
    ppp_task_ = std::move(new_ppp_task);
  }
}

void Cellular::StopPPP() {
  SLOG(PPP, this, 2) << __func__;
  if (!ppp_device_)
    return;
  DropConnection();
  ppp_task_.reset();
  ppp_device_ = nullptr;
}

// called by |ppp_task_|
void Cellular::GetLogin(std::string* user, std::string* password) {
  SLOG(PPP, this, 2) << __func__;
  if (!service()) {
    LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << " with no service ";
    return;
  }
  CHECK(user);
  CHECK(password);
  *user = service()->ppp_username();
  *password = service()->ppp_password();
}

// Called by |ppp_task_|.
void Cellular::Notify(const std::string& reason,
                      const std::map<std::string, std::string>& dict) {
  SLOG(PPP, this, 2) << __func__ << " " << reason << " on " << link_name();

  if (reason == kPPPReasonAuthenticating) {
    OnPPPAuthenticating();
  } else if (reason == kPPPReasonAuthenticated) {
    OnPPPAuthenticated();
  } else if (reason == kPPPReasonConnect) {
    OnPPPConnected(dict);
  } else if (reason == kPPPReasonDisconnect) {
    // Ignore; we get disconnect information when pppd exits.
  } else {
    NOTREACHED();
  }
}

void Cellular::OnPPPAuthenticated() {
  SLOG(PPP, this, 2) << __func__;
  is_ppp_authenticating_ = false;
}

void Cellular::OnPPPAuthenticating() {
  SLOG(PPP, this, 2) << __func__;
  is_ppp_authenticating_ = true;
}

void Cellular::OnPPPConnected(
    const std::map<std::string, std::string>& params) {
  SLOG(PPP, this, 2) << __func__;
  std::string interface_name = PPPDevice::GetInterfaceName(params);
  DeviceInfo* device_info = manager()->device_info();
  int interface_index = device_info->GetIndex(interface_name);
  if (interface_index < 0) {
    // TODO(quiche): Consider handling the race when the RTNL notification about
    // the new PPP device has not been received yet. crbug.com/246832.
    NOTIMPLEMENTED() << ": No device info for " << interface_name << ".";
    return;
  }

  if (!ppp_device_ || ppp_device_->interface_index() != interface_index) {
    if (ppp_device_) {
      ppp_device_->SelectService(nullptr);  // No longer drives |service_|.
      // Destroy the existing device before creating a new one to avoid the
      // possibility of multiple DBus Objects with the same interface name.
      // See https://crbug.com/1032030 for details.
      ppp_device_ = nullptr;
    }
    ppp_device_ = ppp_device_factory_->CreatePPPDevice(
        manager(), interface_name, interface_index);
    device_info->RegisterDevice(ppp_device_);
  }

  CHECK(service_);
  // For PPP, we only SelectService on the |ppp_device_|.
  CHECK(!selected_service());
  ppp_device_->SetEnabled(true);
  ppp_device_->SelectService(service_);
  ppp_device_->UpdateIPConfigFromPPP(params, false /* blackhole_ipv6 */);
}

void Cellular::OnPPPDied(pid_t pid, int exit) {
  SLOG(this, 1) << __func__ << " on " << link_name();
  ppp_task_.reset();
  if (is_ppp_authenticating_) {
    SetServiceFailure(Service::kFailurePPPAuth);
  } else {
    SetServiceFailure(PPPDevice::ExitStatusToFailure(exit));
  }
  Error error;
  Disconnect(&error, __func__);
}

void Cellular::SetPendingConnect(const std::string& iccid) {
  if (iccid == connect_pending_iccid_)
    return;

  if (!connect_pending_iccid_.empty()) {
    SLOG(this, 1) << "Cancelling pending connect to: "
                  << connect_pending_iccid_;
    ConnectToPendingFailed(Service::kFailureDisconnect);
  }

  connect_pending_callback_.Cancel();
  connect_pending_iccid_ = iccid;

  if (iccid.empty())
    return;

  SLOG(this, 1) << "Set Pending connect: " << iccid;
  // Pending connect requests may fail, e.g. a SIM slot change may fail or
  // registration may fail for an inactive eSIM profile. Set a timeout to
  // cancel the pending connect and inform the UI.
  connect_cancel_callback_.Reset(base::Bind(&Cellular::ConnectToPendingCancel,
                                            weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr()));
  dispatcher()->PostDelayedTask(FROM_HERE, connect_cancel_callback_.callback(),
                                kPendingConnectCancelMilliseconds);
}

void Cellular::ConnectToPending() {
  if (connect_pending_iccid_.empty() ||
      !connect_pending_callback_.IsCancelled()) {
    return;
  }

  if (inhibited_) {
    SLOG(this, 1) << __func__ << ": Inhibited";
    return;
  }
  if (scanning_) {
    SLOG(this, 1) << __func__ << ": Scanning";
    return;
  }

  if (modem_state_ == kModemStateLocked) {
    LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": Modem locked";
    ConnectToPendingFailed(Service::kFailureSimLocked);
    return;
  }

  // Normally the Modem becomes Registered immediately after becoming enabled.
  // For eSIM this is not always true so we need to wait for the Modem to
  // become registered.
  // TODO(b/186482862): Fix this behavior in ModemManager.
  if (state_ == State::kEnabled && modem_state_ == kModemStateEnabled) {
    LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": Waiting for Modem registration.";
    return;
  }
  if (!StateIsRegistered()) {
    LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": Cellular not registered, State: "
                 << GetStateString(state_);
    ConnectToPendingFailed(Service::kFailureNotRegistered);
    return;
  }
  if (modem_state_ != kModemStateRegistered) {
    LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": Modem not registered, State: "
                 << GetModemStateString(modem_state_);
    ConnectToPendingFailed(Service::kFailureNotRegistered);
    return;
  }

  SLOG(this, 1) << __func__ << ": " << connect_pending_iccid_;
  connect_cancel_callback_.Cancel();
  connect_pending_callback_.Reset(base::Bind(
      &Cellular::ConnectToPendingAfterDelay, weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr()));
  dispatcher()->PostDelayedTask(FROM_HERE, connect_pending_callback_.callback(),
                                kPendingConnectDelay.InMilliseconds());
}

void Cellular::ConnectToPendingAfterDelay() {
  SLOG(this, 1) << __func__ << ": " << connect_pending_iccid_;

  // Clear pending connect request regardless of whether a service is found.
  std::string pending_iccid = connect_pending_iccid_;
  connect_pending_iccid_.clear();

  CellularServiceRefPtr service =
      manager()->cellular_service_provider()->FindService(pending_iccid);
  if (!service) {
    LOG(WARNING) << "No matching service for pending connect.";
    return;
  }

  Error error;
  LOG(INFO) << "Connecting to pending Cellular Service: "
            << service->log_name();
  service->Connect(&error, "Pending connect");
  if (!error.IsSuccess())
    service->SetFailure(Service::kFailureConnect);
}

void Cellular::ConnectToPendingFailed(Service::ConnectFailure failure) {
  if (!connect_pending_iccid_.empty()) {
    SLOG(this, 1) << __func__ << ": " << connect_pending_iccid_
                  << " Failure: " << Service::ConnectFailureToString(failure);
    CellularServiceRefPtr service =
        manager()->cellular_service_provider()->FindService(
            connect_pending_iccid_);
    if (service)
      service->SetFailure(failure);
  }
  connect_cancel_callback_.Cancel();
  connect_pending_callback_.Cancel();
  connect_pending_iccid_.clear();
}

void Cellular::ConnectToPendingCancel() {
  LOG(WARNING) << __func__;
  ConnectToPendingFailed(Service::kFailureNotRegistered);
}

void Cellular::UpdateScanning() {
  bool scanning;
  switch (state_) {
    case State::kDisabled:
      scanning = false;
      break;
    case State::kEnabled:
      // Cellular is enabled, but the Modem object has not been created, or was
      // destroyed because the Modem is Inhibited or Locked, or StartModem
      // failed.
      scanning = !inhibited_ && modem_state_ != kModemStateLocked &&
                 modem_state_ != kModemStateFailed;
      break;
    case State::kModemStarting:
    case State::kModemStopping:
      scanning = true;
      break;
    case State::kModemStarted:
    case State::kRegistered:
    case State::kConnected:
    case State::kLinked:
      // When the modem is started and enabling or searching, treat as scanning.
      // Also set scanning if an active scan is in progress.
      scanning = modem_state_ == kModemStateEnabling ||
                 modem_state_ == kModemStateSearching ||
                 proposed_scan_in_progress_;
      break;
  }
  SetScanning(scanning);
}

void Cellular::RegisterProperties() {
  PropertyStore* store = this->mutable_store();

  // These properties do not have setters, and events are not generated when
  // they are changed.
  store->RegisterConstString(kDBusServiceProperty, &dbus_service_);
  store->RegisterConstString(kDBusObjectProperty, &dbus_path_str_);

  store->RegisterUint16(kScanIntervalProperty, &scan_interval_);

  // These properties have setters that should be used to change their values.
  // Events are generated whenever the values change.
  store->RegisterConstStringmap(kHomeProviderProperty, &home_provider_);
  store->RegisterConstBool(kSupportNetworkScanProperty, &scanning_supported_);
  store->RegisterConstString(kEidProperty, &eid_);
  store->RegisterConstString(kEsnProperty, &esn_);
  store->RegisterConstString(kFirmwareRevisionProperty, &firmware_revision_);
  store->RegisterConstString(kHardwareRevisionProperty, &hardware_revision_);
  store->RegisterConstString(kImeiProperty, &imei_);
  store->RegisterConstString(kImsiProperty, &imsi_);
  store->RegisterConstString(kMdnProperty, &mdn_);
  store->RegisterConstString(kMeidProperty, &meid_);
  store->RegisterConstString(kMinProperty, &min_);
  store->RegisterConstString(kManufacturerProperty, &manufacturer_);
  store->RegisterConstString(kModelIdProperty, &model_id_);
  store->RegisterConstString(kEquipmentIdProperty, &equipment_id_);
  store->RegisterConstBool(kScanningProperty, &scanning_);

  store->RegisterConstString(kSelectedNetworkProperty, &selected_network_);
  store->RegisterConstStringmaps(kFoundNetworksProperty, &found_networks_);
  store->RegisterConstBool(kProviderRequiresRoamingProperty,
                           &provider_requires_roaming_);
  store->RegisterConstBool(kSIMPresentProperty, &sim_present_);
  store->RegisterConstKeyValueStores(kSIMSlotInfoProperty, &sim_slot_info_);
  store->RegisterConstStringmaps(kCellularApnListProperty, &apn_list_);
  store->RegisterConstString(kIccidProperty, &iccid_);

  // TODO(pprabhu): Decide whether these need their own custom setters.
  HelpRegisterConstDerivedString(kTechnologyFamilyProperty,
                                 &Cellular::GetTechnologyFamily);
  HelpRegisterConstDerivedString(kDeviceIdProperty, &Cellular::GetDeviceId);
  HelpRegisterDerivedBool(kCellularAllowRoamingProperty,
                          &Cellular::GetAllowRoaming,
                          &Cellular::SetAllowRoaming);
  HelpRegisterDerivedBool(kCellularPolicyAllowRoamingProperty,
                          &Cellular::GetPolicyAllowRoaming,
                          &Cellular::SetPolicyAllowRoaming);
  HelpRegisterDerivedBool(kUseAttachAPNProperty, &Cellular::GetUseAttachApn,
                          &Cellular::SetUseAttachApn);
  HelpRegisterDerivedBool(kInhibitedProperty, &Cellular::GetInhibited,
                          &Cellular::SetInhibited);

  store->RegisterDerivedKeyValueStore(
      kSIMLockStatusProperty,
      KeyValueStoreAccessor(new CustomAccessor<Cellular, KeyValueStore>(
          this, &Cellular::GetSimLockStatus, /*error=*/nullptr)));
}

void Cellular::UpdateModemProperties(const RpcIdentifier& dbus_path,
                                     const std::string& mac_address) {
  if (dbus_path_ == dbus_path)
    return;
  LOG(INFO) << __func__ << " Modem Path: " << dbus_path.value();
  dbus_path_ = dbus_path;
  dbus_path_str_ = dbus_path.value();
  adaptor()->EmitStringChanged(kDBusObjectProperty, dbus_path_str_);
  SetModemState(kModemStateUnknown);
  set_mac_address(mac_address);
  CreateCapability();
}

const std::string& Cellular::GetSimCardId() const {
  if (!eid_.empty())
    return eid_;
  return iccid_;
}

bool Cellular::HasSimCardId(const std::string& sim_card_id) const {
  if (sim_card_id == eid_ || sim_card_id == iccid_)
    return true;
  for (const SimProperties& sim_properties : sim_slot_properties_) {
    if (sim_properties.iccid == sim_card_id ||
        sim_properties.eid == sim_card_id) {
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

void Cellular::SetSimProperties(
    const std::vector<SimProperties>& sim_properties, size_t primary_slot) {
  LOG(INFO) << __func__ << " Slots: " << sim_properties.size()
            << " Primary: " << primary_slot;
  if (sim_properties.empty()) {
    // This might occur while the Modem is starting.
    SetPrimarySimProperties(SimProperties());
    SetSimSlotProperties(sim_properties, 0);
    return;
  }
  if (primary_slot >= sim_properties.size()) {
    LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Primary Slot Id: " << primary_slot;
    primary_slot = 0u;
  }

  const SimProperties& primary_sim_properties = sim_properties[primary_slot];

  // Update SIM properties for the primary SIM slot and create or update the
  // primary Service.
  SetPrimarySimProperties(primary_sim_properties);

  // Update the KeyValueStore for Device.Cellular.SIMSlotInfo and emit it.
  SetSimSlotProperties(sim_properties, static_cast<int>(primary_slot));

  // Ensure that secondary services are created and updated.
  UpdateSecondaryServices();

  // If the Primary SIM does not have a SIM profile available, attempt to switch
  // to a slot with a SIM profile available.
  if (!inhibited_ && primary_sim_properties.iccid.empty()) {
    if (sim_slot_switch_allowed_) {
      LOG(INFO) << "No Primary SIM properties, attempting to switch slots.";
      // Attempt to switch to the first valid sim slot.
      capability_->SetPrimarySimSlotForIccid(std::string());
    } else {
      LOG(INFO) << "No Primary SIM properties, slot switch disabled.";
    }
  }
}

std::deque<Stringmap> Cellular::BuildApnTryList() const {
  std::deque<Stringmap> apn_try_list;

  const Stringmap* custom_apn_info = nullptr;
  const Stringmap* last_good_apn_info = nullptr;
  if (service_) {
    custom_apn_info = service_->GetUserSpecifiedApn();
    if (custom_apn_info) {
      apn_try_list.push_back(*custom_apn_info);
      SLOG(this, 3) << __func__ << " Adding User Specified APN:"
                    << GetStringmapValue(*custom_apn_info, kApnProperty)
                    << " Is attach:"
                    << GetStringmapValue(*custom_apn_info, kApnAttachProperty);
    }
    last_good_apn_info = service_->GetLastGoodApn();
    if (last_good_apn_info &&
        (!custom_apn_info || *last_good_apn_info != *custom_apn_info)) {
      apn_try_list.push_back(*last_good_apn_info);
      SLOG(this, 3) << __func__ << " Adding last good APN:"
                    << GetStringmapValue(*last_good_apn_info, kApnProperty)
                    << " Is attach:"
                    << GetStringmapValue(*last_good_apn_info,
                                         kApnAttachProperty);
    }
  }

  for (auto apn : apn_list_) {
    if ((custom_apn_info && *custom_apn_info == apn) ||
        (last_good_apn_info && *last_good_apn_info == apn)) {
      continue;
    }
    apn_try_list.push_back(apn);
  }
  return apn_try_list;
}

void Cellular::SetScanningSupported(bool scanning_supported) {
  if (scanning_supported_ == scanning_supported)
    return;

  scanning_supported_ = scanning_supported;
  adaptor()->EmitBoolChanged(kSupportNetworkScanProperty, scanning_supported_);
}

void Cellular::SetEquipmentId(const std::string& equipment_id) {
  if (equipment_id_ == equipment_id)
    return;

  equipment_id_ = equipment_id;
  adaptor()->EmitStringChanged(kEquipmentIdProperty, equipment_id_);
}

void Cellular::SetEsn(const std::string& esn) {
  if (esn_ == esn)
    return;

  esn_ = esn;
  adaptor()->EmitStringChanged(kEsnProperty, esn_);
}

void Cellular::SetFirmwareRevision(const std::string& firmware_revision) {
  if (firmware_revision_ == firmware_revision)
    return;

  firmware_revision_ = firmware_revision;
  adaptor()->EmitStringChanged(kFirmwareRevisionProperty, firmware_revision_);
}

void Cellular::SetHardwareRevision(const std::string& hardware_revision) {
  if (hardware_revision_ == hardware_revision)
    return;

  hardware_revision_ = hardware_revision;
  adaptor()->EmitStringChanged(kHardwareRevisionProperty, hardware_revision_);
}

void Cellular::SetDeviceId(std::unique_ptr<DeviceId> device_id) {
  device_id_ = std::move(device_id);
}

void Cellular::SetImei(const std::string& imei) {
  if (imei_ == imei)
    return;

  imei_ = imei;
  adaptor()->EmitStringChanged(kImeiProperty, imei_);
}

void Cellular::SetPrimarySimProperties(const SimProperties& sim_properties) {
  SLOG(this, 1) << __func__ << " EID= " << sim_properties.eid
                << " ICCID= " << sim_properties.iccid
                << " IMSI= " << sim_properties.imsi
                << " OperatorId= " << sim_properties.operator_id
                << " ServiceProviderName= " << sim_properties.spn;

  eid_ = sim_properties.eid;
  iccid_ = sim_properties.iccid;
  imsi_ = sim_properties.imsi;

  home_provider_info()->UpdateMCCMNC(sim_properties.operator_id);
  home_provider_info()->UpdateOperatorName(sim_properties.spn);
  home_provider_info()->UpdateICCID(iccid_);
  // Provide ICCID to serving operator as well to aid in MVNO identification.
  serving_operator_info()->UpdateICCID(iccid_);
  if (!imsi_.empty()) {
    home_provider_info()->UpdateIMSI(imsi_);
    // We do not obtain IMSI OTA right now. Provide the value to serving
    // operator as well, to aid in MVNO identification.
    serving_operator_info()->UpdateIMSI(imsi_);
  }

  adaptor()->EmitStringChanged(kEidProperty, eid_);
  adaptor()->EmitStringChanged(kIccidProperty, iccid_);
  adaptor()->EmitStringChanged(kImsiProperty, imsi_);
  SetSimPresent(!iccid_.empty());

  // Ensure Service creation once SIM properties are set.
  UpdateServices();
}

void Cellular::SetSimSlotProperties(
    const std::vector<SimProperties>& slot_properties, int primary_slot) {
  if (sim_slot_properties_ == slot_properties &&
      primary_sim_slot_ == primary_slot) {
    return;
  }
  SLOG(this, 1) << __func__ << " Slots: " << slot_properties.size()
                << " Primary: " << primary_slot;
  sim_slot_properties_ = slot_properties;
  if (primary_sim_slot_ != primary_slot) {
    if (primary_sim_slot_ != -1 && sim_slot_switch_allowed_) {
      // After a slot change, do not allow Shill to change slots until/unless
      // an explicit connect to a Service in a different slot is requested.
      // This helps prevent Shill from interfering with Hermes operations.
      LOG(INFO) << "sim_slot_switch_allowed -> false";
      sim_slot_switch_allowed_ = false;
    }
    primary_sim_slot_ = primary_slot;
  }
  // Set |sim_slot_info_| and emit SIMSlotInfo
  sim_slot_info_.clear();
  for (int i = 0; i < static_cast<int>(slot_properties.size()); ++i) {
    const SimProperties& sim_properties = slot_properties[i];
    KeyValueStore properties;
    properties.Set(kSIMSlotInfoEID, sim_properties.eid);
    properties.Set(kSIMSlotInfoICCID, sim_properties.iccid);
    bool is_primary = i == primary_slot;
    properties.Set(kSIMSlotInfoPrimary, is_primary);
    sim_slot_info_.push_back(properties);
    SLOG(this, 2) << __func__ << " Slot: " << sim_properties.slot
                  << " EID: " << sim_properties.eid
                  << " ICCID: " << sim_properties.iccid
                  << " Primary: " << is_primary;
  }
  adaptor()->EmitKeyValueStoresChanged(kSIMSlotInfoProperty, sim_slot_info_);
}

void Cellular::SetMdn(const std::string& mdn) {
  if (mdn_ == mdn)
    return;

  mdn_ = mdn;
  adaptor()->EmitStringChanged(kMdnProperty, mdn_);
}

void Cellular::SetMeid(const std::string& meid) {
  if (meid_ == meid)
    return;

  meid_ = meid;
  adaptor()->EmitStringChanged(kMeidProperty, meid_);
}

void Cellular::SetMin(const std::string& min) {
  if (min_ == min)
    return;

  min_ = min;
  adaptor()->EmitStringChanged(kMinProperty, min_);
}

void Cellular::SetManufacturer(const std::string& manufacturer) {
  if (manufacturer_ == manufacturer)
    return;

  manufacturer_ = manufacturer;
  adaptor()->EmitStringChanged(kManufacturerProperty, manufacturer_);
}

void Cellular::SetModelId(const std::string& model_id) {
  if (model_id_ == model_id)
    return;

  model_id_ = model_id;
  adaptor()->EmitStringChanged(kModelIdProperty, model_id_);
}

void Cellular::SetMMPlugin(const std::string& mm_plugin) {
  mm_plugin_ = mm_plugin;
}

void Cellular::StartLocationPolling() {
  CHECK(capability_);
  if (!capability_->IsLocationUpdateSupported()) {
    SLOG(this, 2) << "Location polling not enabled for " << mm_plugin_
                  << " plugin.";
    return;
  }

  if (polling_location_)
    return;

  polling_location_ = true;

  CHECK(poll_location_task_.IsCancelled());
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__ << ": "
                << "Starting location polling tasks.";
  poll_location_task_.Reset(
      base::Bind(&Cellular::PollLocationTask, weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr()));

  // Schedule an immediate task
  dispatcher()->PostTask(FROM_HERE, poll_location_task_.callback());
}

void Cellular::StopLocationPolling() {
  if (!polling_location_)
    return;
  polling_location_ = false;

  if (!poll_location_task_.IsCancelled()) {
    SLOG(this, 2) << __func__ << ": "
                  << "Cancelling outstanding timeout.";
    poll_location_task_.Cancel();
  }
}

void Cellular::SetScanning(bool scanning) {
  if (scanning_ == scanning)
    return;
  LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": " << scanning
            << " State: " << GetStateString(state_)
            << " Modem State: " << GetModemStateString(modem_state_) << ")";
  if (scanning) {
    // Set Scanning=true immediately.
    scanning_clear_callback_.Cancel();
    SetScanningProperty(true);
  } else {
    // Delay Scanning=false to delay operations while the Modem is starting.
    // TODO(b/177588333): Make Modem and/or the MM dbus API more robust.
    if (!scanning_clear_callback_.IsCancelled())
      return;
    SLOG(this, 2) << __func__ << ": Delaying clear";
    scanning_clear_callback_.Reset(base::Bind(
        &Cellular::SetScanningProperty, weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr(), false));
    dispatcher()->PostDelayedTask(FROM_HERE,
                                  scanning_clear_callback_.callback(),
                                  kModemResetTimeoutMilliseconds);
  }
}

void Cellular::SetScanningProperty(bool scanning) {
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__ << ": " << scanning;
  scanning_ = scanning;
  adaptor()->EmitBoolChanged(kScanningProperty, scanning_);

  if (scanning)
    metrics()->NotifyDeviceScanStarted(interface_index());
  else
    metrics()->NotifyDeviceScanFinished(interface_index());

  if (!scanning_)
    ConnectToPending();
}

void Cellular::SetSelectedNetwork(const std::string& selected_network) {
  if (selected_network_ == selected_network)
    return;

  selected_network_ = selected_network;
  adaptor()->EmitStringChanged(kSelectedNetworkProperty, selected_network_);
}

void Cellular::SetFoundNetworks(const Stringmaps& found_networks) {
  // There is no canonical form of a Stringmaps value.
  // So don't check for redundant updates.
  found_networks_ = found_networks;
  adaptor()->EmitStringmapsChanged(kFoundNetworksProperty, found_networks_);
}

void Cellular::SetProviderRequiresRoaming(bool provider_requires_roaming) {
  if (provider_requires_roaming_ == provider_requires_roaming)
    return;

  provider_requires_roaming_ = provider_requires_roaming;
  adaptor()->EmitBoolChanged(kProviderRequiresRoamingProperty,
                             provider_requires_roaming_);
}

bool Cellular::IsRoamingAllowed() {
  return service_ && service_->IsRoamingAllowed();
}

void Cellular::SetApnList(const Stringmaps& apn_list) {
  // There is no canonical form of a Stringmaps value, so don't check for
  // redundant updates.
  apn_list_ = apn_list;
  adaptor()->EmitStringmapsChanged(kCellularApnListProperty, apn_list_);
}

void Cellular::UpdateHomeProvider(const MobileOperatorInfo* operator_info) {
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__;

  Stringmap home_provider;
  if (!operator_info->sid().empty()) {
    home_provider[kOperatorCodeKey] = operator_info->sid();
  }
  if (!operator_info->nid().empty()) {
    home_provider[kOperatorCodeKey] = operator_info->nid();
  }
  if (!operator_info->mccmnc().empty()) {
    home_provider[kOperatorCodeKey] = operator_info->mccmnc();
  }
  if (!operator_info->operator_name().empty()) {
    home_provider[kOperatorNameKey] = operator_info->operator_name();
  }
  if (!operator_info->country().empty()) {
    home_provider[kOperatorCountryKey] = operator_info->country();
  }
  if (!operator_info->uuid().empty()) {
    home_provider[kOperatorUuidKey] = operator_info->uuid();
  }
  if (home_provider != home_provider_) {
    home_provider_ = home_provider;
    adaptor()->EmitStringmapChanged(kHomeProviderProperty, home_provider_);
  }

  ApnList apn_list;
  // TODO(b:180004055): remove this when we have captive portal checks that
  // mark APNs as bad and can skip the null APN for data connections
  if (manufacturer_ != kQ6V5ModemManufacturerName)
    apn_list.AddApns(capability_->GetProfiles());
  apn_list.AddApns(operator_info->apn_list());
  SetApnList(apn_list.GetList());

  SetProviderRequiresRoaming(operator_info->requires_roaming());
}

void Cellular::UpdateServingOperator(
    const MobileOperatorInfo* operator_info,
    const MobileOperatorInfo* home_provider_info) {
  SLOG(this, 3) << __func__;
  if (!service()) {
    return;
  }

  Stringmap serving_operator;
  if (!operator_info->sid().empty()) {
    serving_operator[kOperatorCodeKey] = operator_info->sid();
  }
  if (!operator_info->nid().empty()) {
    serving_operator[kOperatorCodeKey] = operator_info->nid();
  }
  if (!operator_info->mccmnc().empty()) {
    serving_operator[kOperatorCodeKey] = operator_info->mccmnc();
  }
  if (!operator_info->operator_name().empty()) {
    serving_operator[kOperatorNameKey] = operator_info->operator_name();
  }
  if (!operator_info->country().empty()) {
    serving_operator[kOperatorCountryKey] = operator_info->country();
  }
  if (!operator_info->uuid().empty()) {
    serving_operator[kOperatorUuidKey] = operator_info->uuid();
  }
  service()->SetServingOperator(serving_operator);

  // Set friendly name of service.
  std::string service_name;
  if (!operator_info->operator_name().empty()) {
    // If roaming, try to show "<home-provider> | <serving-operator>", per 3GPP
    // rules (TS 31.102 and annex A of 122.101).
    if (service()->roaming_state() == kRoamingStateRoaming &&
        home_provider_info && !home_provider_info->operator_name().empty() &&
        home_provider_info->operator_name() != operator_info->operator_name()) {
      service_name += home_provider_info->operator_name() + " | ";
    }
    service_name += operator_info->operator_name();
  } else if (!operator_info->mccmnc().empty()) {
    // We could not get a name for the operator, just use the code.
    service_name = "cellular_" + operator_info->mccmnc();
  }
  if (service_name.empty()) {
    LOG(WARNING) << "No properties for setting friendly name for: "
                 << service()->log_name();
    return;
  }
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__ << " Service: " << service()->log_name()
                << " Name: " << service_name;
  service()->SetFriendlyName(service_name);
}

void Cellular::OnOperatorChanged() {
  SLOG(this, 2) << __func__;
  CHECK(capability_);

  if (service()) {
    capability_->UpdateServiceOLP();
  }

  const bool home_provider_known =
      home_provider_info_->IsMobileNetworkOperatorKnown();
  const bool serving_operator_known =
      serving_operator_info_->IsMobileNetworkOperatorKnown();

  if (home_provider_known) {
    UpdateHomeProvider(home_provider_info_.get());
  } else if (serving_operator_known) {
    SLOG(this, 2) << "Serving provider proxying in for home provider.";
    UpdateHomeProvider(serving_operator_info_.get());
  }

  if (serving_operator_known) {
    if (home_provider_known) {
      UpdateServingOperator(serving_operator_info_.get(),
                            home_provider_info_.get());
    } else {
      UpdateServingOperator(serving_operator_info_.get(), nullptr);
    }
  } else if (home_provider_known) {
    UpdateServingOperator(home_provider_info_.get(), home_provider_info_.get());
  }
}

bool Cellular::StateIsConnected() {
  return state_ == State::kConnected || state_ == State::kLinked;
}

bool Cellular::StateIsRegistered() {
  return state_ == State::kRegistered || state_ == State::kConnected ||
         state_ == State::kLinked;
}

bool Cellular::StateIsStarted() {
  return state_ == State::kModemStarted || state_ == State::kRegistered ||
         state_ == State::kConnected || state_ == State::kLinked;
}

void Cellular::SetServiceForTesting(CellularServiceRefPtr service) {
  service_for_testing_ = service;
  service_ = service;
}

}  // namespace shill