Add microbenchmarks/memory-eater.
This benchmark measures ZRAM page-in throughput and can be used
as a utility to create background memory pressure too.
BUG=chromium:788276
TEST=emerge-${BOARD} microbenchmarks
CQ-DEPEND=CL:*529118
Change-Id: I27057b12dfadd2bac2e449a65fd6e1f4fce8f07a
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/826907
Commit-Ready: Ben Cheng <bccheng@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Ben Cheng <bccheng@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Cheng-Yu Lee <cylee@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Chung-yih Wang <cywang@chromium.org>
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee4f6cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Copyright 2017 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+include common.mk
diff --git a/common.mk b/common.mk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58252f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common.mk
@@ -0,0 +1,941 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+#
+# If this file is part of another source distribution, it's license may be
+# stored in LICENSE.makefile or LICENSE.common.mk.
+#
+# NOTE NOTE NOTE
+# The authoritative common.mk is located in:
+# https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/platform2/+/master/common-mk
+# Please make all changes there, then copy into place in other repos.
+# NOTE NOTE NOTE
+#
+# This file provides a common architecture for building C/C++ source trees.
+# It uses recursive makefile inclusion to create a single make process which
+# can be built in the source tree or with the build artifacts placed elsewhere.
+#
+# It is fully parallelizable for all targets, including static archives.
+#
+# To use:
+# 1. Place common.mk in your top source level
+# 2. In your top-level Makefile, place "include common.mk" at the top
+# 3. In all subdirectories, create a 'module.mk' file that starts with:
+# include common.mk
+# And then contains the remainder of your targets.
+# 4. All build targets should look like:
+# relative/path/target: relative/path/obj.o
+#
+# See existing makefiles for rule examples.
+#
+# Exported macros:
+# - cc_binary, cxx_binary provide standard compilation steps for binaries
+# - cxx_library, cc_library provide standard compilation steps for
+# shared objects.
+# All of the above optionally take an argument for extra flags.
+# - update_archive creates/updates a given .a target
+#
+# Instead of using the build macros, most users can just use wrapped targets:
+# - CXX_BINARY, CC_BINARY, CC_STATIC_BINARY, CXX_STATIC_BINARY
+# - CXX_LIBRARY, CC_LIBRARY, CC_STATIC_LIBRARY, CXX_STATIC_LIBRARY
+# - E.g., CXX_BINARY(mahbinary): foo.o
+# - object.depends targets may be used when a prerequisite is required for an
+# object file. Because object files result in multiple build artifacts to
+# handle PIC and PIE weirdness. E.g.
+# foo.o.depends: generated/dbus.h
+# - TEST(binary) or TEST(CXX_BINARY(binary)) may be used as a prerequisite
+# for the tests target to trigger an automated test run.
+# - CLEAN(file_or_dir) dependency can be added to 'clean'.
+#
+# If source code is being generated, rules will need to be registered for
+# compiling the objects. This can be done by adding one of the following
+# to the Makefile:
+# - For C source files
+# $(eval $(call add_object_rules,sub/dir/gen_a.o sub/dir/b.o,CC,c,CFLAGS))
+# - For C++ source files
+# $(eval $(call add_object_rules,sub/dir/gen_a.o sub/dir/b.o,CXX,cc,CXXFLAGS))
+#
+# Exported targets meant to have prerequisites added to:
+# - all - Your desired targets should be given
+# - tests - Any TEST(test_binary) targets should be given
+# - FORCE - force the given target to run regardless of changes
+# In most cases, using .PHONY is preferred.
+#
+# Possible command line variables:
+# - COLOR=[0|1] to set ANSI color output (default: 1)
+# - VERBOSE=[0|1] to hide/show commands (default: 0)
+# - MODE=[opt|dbg|profiling] (default: opt)
+# opt - Enable optimizations for release builds
+# dbg - Turn down optimization for debugging
+# profiling - Turn off optimization and turn on profiling/coverage
+# support.
+# - ARCH=[x86|arm|supported qemu name] (default: from portage or uname -m)
+# - SPLITDEBUG=[0|1] splits debug info in target.debug (default: 0)
+# If NOSTRIP=1, SPLITDEBUG will never strip the final emitted objects.
+# - NOSTRIP=[0|1] determines if binaries are stripped. (default: 1)
+# NOSTRIP=0 and MODE=opt will also drop -g from the CFLAGS.
+# - VALGRIND=[0|1] runs tests under valgrind (default: 0)
+# - OUT=/path/to/builddir puts all output in given path (default: $PWD)
+# - VALGRIND_ARGS="" supplies extra memcheck arguments
+#
+# Per-target(-ish) variable:
+# - NEEDS_ROOT=[0|1] allows a TEST() target to run with root.
+# Default is 0 unless it is running under QEmu.
+# - NEEDS_MOUNTS=[0|1] allows a TEST() target running on QEmu to get
+# setup mounts in the $(SYSROOT)
+#
+# Caveats:
+# - Directories or files with spaces in them DO NOT get along with GNU Make.
+# If you need them, all uses of dir/notdir/etc will need to have magic
+# wrappers. Proceed at risk to your own sanity.
+# - External CXXFLAGS and CFLAGS should be passed via the environment since
+# this file does not use 'override' to control them.
+# - Our version of GNU Make doesn't seem to support the 'private' variable
+# annotation, so you can't tag a variable private on a wrapping target.
+
+# Behavior configuration variables
+SPLITDEBUG ?= 0
+NOSTRIP ?= 1
+VALGRIND ?= 0
+COLOR ?= 1
+VERBOSE ?= 0
+MODE ?= opt
+CXXEXCEPTIONS ?= 0
+ARCH ?= $(shell uname -m)
+
+# Put objects in a separate tree based on makefile locations
+# This means you can build a tree without touching it:
+# make -C $SRCDIR # will create ./build-$(MODE)
+# Or
+# make -C $SRCDIR OUT=$PWD
+# This variable is extended on subdir calls and doesn't need to be re-called.
+OUT ?= $(PWD)/
+
+# Make OUT now so we can use realpath.
+$(shell mkdir -p "$(OUT)")
+
+# TODO(wad) Relative paths are resolved against SRC and not the calling dir.
+# Ensure a command-line supplied OUT has a slash
+override OUT := $(realpath $(OUT))/
+
+# SRC is not meant to be set by the end user, but during make call relocation.
+# $(PWD) != $(CURDIR) all the time.
+export SRC ?= $(CURDIR)
+
+# If BASE_VER is not set, read the libchrome revision number from
+# common-mk/BASE_VER file.
+ifeq ($(strip $(BASE_VER)),)
+BASE_VER := $(shell cat $(SRC)/../common-mk/BASE_VER)
+endif
+$(info Using BASE_VER=$(BASE_VER))
+
+# Re-start in the $(OUT) directory if we're not there.
+# We may be invoked using -C or bare and we need to ensure behavior
+# is consistent so we check both PWD vs OUT and PWD vs CURDIR.
+override RELOCATE_BUILD := 0
+ifneq (${PWD}/,${OUT})
+override RELOCATE_BUILD := 1
+endif
+# Make sure we're running with no builtin targets. They cause
+# leakage and mayhem!
+ifneq (${PWD},${CURDIR})
+override RELOCATE_BUILD := 1
+# If we're run from the build dir, don't let it get cleaned up later.
+ifeq (${PWD}/,${OUT})
+$(shell touch "$(PWD)/.dont_delete_on_clean")
+endif
+endif # ifneq (${PWD},${CURDIR}
+
+# "Relocate" if we need to restart without implicit rules.
+ifeq ($(subst r,,$(MAKEFLAGS)),$(MAKEFLAGS))
+override RELOCATE_BUILD := 1
+endif
+
+ifeq (${RELOCATE_BUILD},1)
+# By default, silence build output. Reused below as well.
+QUIET = @
+ifeq ($(VERBOSE),1)
+ QUIET=
+endif
+
+# This target will override all targets, including prerequisites. To avoid
+# calling $(MAKE) once per prereq on the given CMDGOAL, we guard it with a local
+# variable.
+RUN_ONCE := 0
+MAKECMDGOALS ?= all
+# Keep the rules split as newer make does not allow them to be declared
+# on the same line. But the way :: rules work, the _all here will also
+# invoke the %:: rule while retaining "_all" as the default.
+_all::
+%::
+ $(if $(filter 0,$(RUN_ONCE)), \
+ cd "$(OUT)" && \
+ $(MAKE) -r -I "$(SRC)" -f "$(CURDIR)/Makefile" \
+ SRC="$(CURDIR)" OUT="$(OUT)" $(foreach g,$(MAKECMDGOALS),"$(g)"),)
+ $(eval RUN_ONCE := 1)
+pass-to-subcall := 1
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(pass-to-subcall),)
+
+# Only call MODULE if we're in a submodule
+MODULES_LIST := $(filter-out Makefile %.d,$(MAKEFILE_LIST))
+ifeq ($(words $(filter-out Makefile common.mk %.d $(SRC)/Makefile \
+ $(SRC)/common.mk,$(MAKEFILE_LIST))),0)
+
+# All the top-level defines outside of module.mk.
+
+#
+# Helper macros
+#
+
+# Create the directory if it doesn't yet exist.
+define auto_mkdir
+ $(if $(wildcard $(dir $1)),$2,$(QUIET)mkdir -p "$(dir $1)")
+endef
+
+# Creates the actual archive with an index.
+# The target $@ must end with .pic.a or .pie.a.
+define update_archive
+ $(call auto_mkdir,$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER))
+ $(QUIET)# Create the archive in one step to avoid parallel use accessing it
+ $(QUIET)# before all the symbols are present.
+ @$(ECHO) "AR $(subst \
+$(SRC)/,,$(^:.o=$(suffix $(basename $(TARGET_OR_MEMBER))).o)) \
+-> $(subst $(SRC)/,,$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER))"
+ $(QUIET)$(AR) rcs $(TARGET_OR_MEMBER) \
+ $(subst $(SRC)/,,$(^:.o=$(suffix $(basename $(TARGET_OR_MEMBER))).o))
+endef
+
+# Default compile from objects using pre-requisites but filters out
+# subdirs and .d files.
+define cc_binary
+ $(call COMPILE_BINARY_implementation,CC,$(CFLAGS) $(1),$(EXTRA_FLAGS))
+endef
+
+define cxx_binary
+ $(call COMPILE_BINARY_implementation,CXX,$(CXXFLAGS) $(1),$(EXTRA_FLAGS))
+endef
+
+# Default compile from objects using pre-requisites but filters out
+# subdirs and .d files.
+define cc_library
+ $(call COMPILE_LIBRARY_implementation,CC,$(CFLAGS) $(1),$(EXTRA_FLAGS))
+endef
+define cxx_library
+ $(call COMPILE_LIBRARY_implementation,CXX,$(CXXFLAGS) $(1),$(EXTRA_FLAGS))
+endef
+
+# Deletes files silently if they exist. Meant for use in any local
+# clean targets.
+define silent_rm
+ $(if $(wildcard $(1)),
+ $(QUIET)($(ECHO) -n '$(COLOR_RED)CLEANFILE$(COLOR_RESET) ' && \
+ $(ECHO) '$(subst $(OUT)/,,$(wildcard $(1)))' && \
+ $(RM) $(1) 2>/dev/null) || true,)
+endef
+define silent_rmdir
+ $(if $(wildcard $(1)),
+ $(if $(wildcard $(1)/*),
+ $(QUIET)# $(1) not empty [$(wildcard $(1)/*)]. Not deleting.,
+ $(QUIET)($(ECHO) -n '$(COLOR_RED)CLEANDIR$(COLOR_RESET) ' && \
+ $(ECHO) '$(subst $(OUT)/,,$(wildcard $(1)))' && \
+ $(RMDIR) $(1) 2>/dev/null) || true),)
+endef
+
+#
+# Default variable values
+#
+
+# Only override toolchain vars if they are from make.
+CROSS_COMPILE ?=
+define override_var
+ifneq ($(filter undefined default,$(origin $1)),)
+$1 = $(CROSS_COMPILE)$2
+endif
+endef
+$(eval $(call override_var,AR,ar))
+$(eval $(call override_var,CC,gcc))
+$(eval $(call override_var,CXX,g++))
+$(eval $(call override_var,OBJCOPY,objcopy))
+$(eval $(call override_var,PKG_CONFIG,pkg-config))
+$(eval $(call override_var,RANLIB,ranlib))
+$(eval $(call override_var,STRIP,strip))
+
+RMDIR ?= rmdir
+ECHO = /bin/echo -e
+
+ifeq ($(lastword $(subst /, ,$(CC))),clang)
+CDRIVER = clang
+else
+CDRIVER = gcc
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(lastword $(subst /, ,$(CXX))),clang++)
+CXXDRIVER = clang
+else
+CXXDRIVER = gcc
+endif
+
+# Internal macro to support check_XXX macros below.
+# Usage: $(call check_compile, [code], [compiler], [code_type], [c_flags],
+# [extra_c_flags], [library_flags], [success_ret], [fail_ret])
+# Return: [success_ret] if compile succeeded, otherwise [fail_ret]
+check_compile = $(shell printf '%b\n' $(1) | \
+ $($(2)) $($(4)) -x $(3) $(LDFLAGS) $(5) - $(6) -o /dev/null > /dev/null 2>&1 \
+ && echo "$(7)" || echo "$(8)")
+
+# Helper macro to check whether a test program will compile with the specified
+# compiler flags.
+# Usage: $(call check_compile_cc, [code], [flags], [alternate_flags])
+# Return: [flags] if compile succeeded, otherwise [alternate_flags]
+check_compile_cc = $(call check_compile,$(1),CC,c,CFLAGS,$(2),,$(2),$(3))
+check_compile_cxx = $(call check_compile,$(1),CXX,c++,CXXFLAGS,$(2),,$(2),$(3))
+
+# Helper macro to check whether a test program will compile with the specified
+# libraries.
+# Usage: $(call check_compile_cc, [code], [library_flags], [alternate_flags])
+# Return: [library_flags] if compile succeeded, otherwise [alternate_flags]
+check_libs_cc = $(call check_compile,$(1),CC,c,CFLAGS,,$(2),$(2),$(3))
+check_libs_cxx = $(call check_compile,$(1),CXX,c++,CXXFLAGS,,$(2),$(2),$(3))
+
+# Helper macro to check whether the compiler accepts the specified flags.
+# Usage: $(call check_compile_cc, [flags], [alternate_flags])
+# Return: [flags] if compile succeeded, otherwise [alternate_flags]
+check_cc = $(call check_compile_cc,'int main() { return 0; }',$(1),$(2))
+check_cxx = $(call check_compile_cxx,'int main() { return 0; }',$(1),$(2))
+
+# Choose the stack protector flags based on whats supported by the compiler.
+SSP_CFLAGS := $(call check_cc,-fstack-protector-strong)
+ifeq ($(SSP_CFLAGS),)
+ SSP_CFLAGS := $(call check_cc,-fstack-protector-all)
+endif
+
+# To update these from an including Makefile:
+# CXXFLAGS += -mahflag # Append to the list
+# CXXFLAGS := -mahflag $(CXXFLAGS) # Prepend to the list
+# CXXFLAGS := $(filter-out badflag,$(CXXFLAGS)) # Filter out a value
+# The same goes for CFLAGS.
+COMMON_CFLAGS-gcc := -fvisibility=internal -ggdb3 -Wa,--noexecstack
+COMMON_CFLAGS-clang := -fvisibility=hidden -ggdb
+COMMON_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -fno-strict-aliasing $(SSP_CFLAGS) -O1 -Wformat=2
+CXXFLAGS += $(COMMON_CFLAGS) $(COMMON_CFLAGS-$(CXXDRIVER)) -std=gnu++11
+CFLAGS += $(COMMON_CFLAGS) $(COMMON_CFLAGS-$(CDRIVER)) -std=gnu11
+CPPFLAGS += -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2
+
+# Enable large file support.
+CPPFLAGS += -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE
+
+# Disable exceptions based on the CXXEXCEPTIONS setting.
+ifeq ($(CXXEXCEPTIONS),0)
+ CXXFLAGS := $(CXXFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -fno-unwind-tables \
+ -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(MODE),opt)
+ # Up the optimizations.
+ CFLAGS := $(filter-out -O1,$(CFLAGS)) -O2
+ CXXFLAGS := $(filter-out -O1,$(CXXFLAGS)) -O2
+ # Only drop -g* if symbols aren't desired.
+ ifeq ($(NOSTRIP),0)
+ # TODO: do we want -fomit-frame-pointer on x86?
+ CFLAGS := $(filter-out -ggdb3,$(CFLAGS))
+ CXXFLAGS := $(filter-out -ggdb3,$(CXXFLAGS))
+ endif
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(MODE),profiling)
+ CFLAGS := $(CFLAGS) -O0 -g --coverage
+ CXXFLAGS := $(CXXFLAGS) -O0 -g --coverage
+ LDFLAGS := $(LDFLAGS) --coverage
+endif
+
+LDFLAGS := $(LDFLAGS) -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,noexecstack -Wl,-z,now
+
+# Fancy helpers for color if a prompt is defined
+ifeq ($(COLOR),1)
+COLOR_RESET = \x1b[0m
+COLOR_GREEN = \x1b[32;01m
+COLOR_RED = \x1b[31;01m
+COLOR_YELLOW = \x1b[33;01m
+endif
+
+# By default, silence build output.
+QUIET = @
+ifeq ($(VERBOSE),1)
+ QUIET=
+endif
+
+#
+# Implementation macros for compile helpers above
+#
+
+# Useful for dealing with pie-broken toolchains.
+# Call make with PIE=0 to disable default PIE use.
+OBJ_PIE_FLAG = -fPIE
+COMPILE_PIE_FLAG = -pie
+ifeq ($(PIE),0)
+ OBJ_PIE_FLAG =
+ COMPILE_PIE_FLAG =
+endif
+
+# Favor member targets first for CXX_BINARY(%) magic.
+# And strip out nested members if possible.
+LP := (
+RP := )
+TARGET_OR_MEMBER = $(lastword $(subst $(LP), ,$(subst $(RP),,$(or $%,$@))))
+
+# Default compile from objects using pre-requisites but filters out
+# all non-.o files.
+define COMPILE_BINARY_implementation
+ @$(ECHO) "LD$(1) $(subst $(PWD)/,,$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER))"
+ $(call auto_mkdir,$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER))
+ $(QUIET)$($(1)) $(COMPILE_PIE_FLAGS) -o $(TARGET_OR_MEMBER) \
+ $(2) $(LDFLAGS) \
+ $(filter %.o %.a,$(^:.o=.pie.o)) \
+ $(foreach so,$(filter %.so,$^),-L$(dir $(so)) \
+ -l$(patsubst lib%,%,$(basename $(notdir $(so))))) \
+ $(LDLIBS)
+ $(call conditional_strip)
+ @$(ECHO) -n "BIN "
+ @$(ECHO) "$(COLOR_GREEN)$(subst $(PWD)/,,$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER))$(COLOR_RESET)"
+ @$(ECHO) " $(COLOR_YELLOW)-----$(COLOR_RESET)"
+endef
+
+# TODO: add version support extracted from PV environment variable
+#ifeq ($(PV),9999)
+#$(warning PV=$(PV). If shared object versions matter, please force PV=.)
+#endif
+# Then add -Wl,-soname,$@.$(PV) ?
+
+# Default compile from objects using pre-requisites but filters out
+# all non-.o values. (Remember to add -L$(OUT) -llib)
+COMMA := ,
+define COMPILE_LIBRARY_implementation
+ @$(ECHO) "SHARED$(1) $(subst $(PWD)/,,$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER))"
+ $(call auto_mkdir,$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER))
+ $(QUIET)$($(1)) -shared -Wl,-E -o $(TARGET_OR_MEMBER) \
+ $(2) $(LDFLAGS) \
+ $(if $(filter %.a,$^),-Wl$(COMMA)--whole-archive,) \
+ $(filter %.o ,$(^:.o=.pic.o)) \
+ $(foreach a,$(filter %.a,$^),-L$(dir $(a)) \
+ -l$(patsubst lib%,%,$(basename $(notdir $(a))))) \
+ $(foreach so,$(filter %.so,$^),-L$(dir $(so)) \
+ -l$(patsubst lib%,%,$(basename $(notdir $(so))))) \
+ $(LDLIBS)
+ $(call conditional_strip)
+ @$(ECHO) -n "LIB $(COLOR_GREEN)"
+ @$(ECHO) "$(subst $(PWD)/,,$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER))$(COLOR_RESET)"
+ @$(ECHO) " $(COLOR_YELLOW)-----$(COLOR_RESET)"
+endef
+
+define conditional_strip
+ $(if $(filter 0,$(NOSTRIP)),$(call strip_artifact))
+endef
+
+define strip_artifact
+ @$(ECHO) "STRIP $(subst $(OUT)/,,$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER))"
+ $(if $(filter 1,$(SPLITDEBUG)), @$(ECHO) -n "DEBUG "; \
+ $(ECHO) "$(COLOR_YELLOW)\
+$(subst $(OUT)/,,$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER)).debug$(COLOR_RESET)")
+ $(if $(filter 1,$(SPLITDEBUG)), \
+ $(QUIET)$(OBJCOPY) --only-keep-debug "$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER)" \
+ "$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER).debug")
+ $(if $(filter-out dbg,$(MODE)),$(QUIET)$(STRIP) --strip-unneeded \
+ "$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER)",)
+endef
+
+#
+# Global pattern rules
+#
+
+# Below, the archive member syntax is abused to create fancier
+# syntactic sugar for recipe authors that avoids needed to know
+# subcall options. The downside is that make attempts to look
+# into the phony archives for timestamps. This will cause the final
+# target to be rebuilt/linked on _every_ call to make even when nothing
+# has changed. Until a better way presents itself, we have helpers that
+# do the stat check on make's behalf. Dodgy but simple.
+define old_or_no_timestamp
+ $(if $(realpath $%),,$(1))
+ $(if $(shell find $^ -cnewer "$%" 2>/dev/null),$(1))
+endef
+
+define check_deps
+ $(if $(filter 0,$(words $^)),\
+ $(error Missing dependencies or declaration of $@($%)),)
+endef
+
+# Build a cxx target magically
+CXX_BINARY(%):
+ $(call check_deps)
+ $(call old_or_no_timestamp,$(call cxx_binary))
+clean: CLEAN(CXX_BINARY*)
+
+CC_BINARY(%):
+ $(call check_deps)
+ $(call old_or_no_timestamp,$(call cc_binary))
+clean: CLEAN(CC_BINARY*)
+
+CXX_STATIC_BINARY(%):
+ $(call check_deps)
+ $(call old_or_no_timestamp,$(call cxx_binary,-static))
+clean: CLEAN(CXX_STATIC_BINARY*)
+
+CC_STATIC_BINARY(%):
+ $(call check_deps)
+ $(call old_or_no_timestamp,$(call cc_binary,-static))
+clean: CLEAN(CC_STATIC_BINARY*)
+
+CXX_LIBRARY(%):
+ $(call check_deps)
+ $(call old_or_no_timestamp,$(call cxx_library))
+clean: CLEAN(CXX_LIBRARY*)
+
+CXX_LIBARY(%):
+ $(error Typo alert! LIBARY != LIBRARY)
+
+CC_LIBRARY(%):
+ $(call check_deps)
+ $(call old_or_no_timestamp,$(call cc_library))
+clean: CLEAN(CC_LIBRARY*)
+
+CC_LIBARY(%):
+ $(error Typo alert! LIBARY != LIBRARY)
+
+CXX_STATIC_LIBRARY(%):
+ $(call check_deps)
+ $(call old_or_no_timestamp,$(call update_archive))
+clean: CLEAN(CXX_STATIC_LIBRARY*)
+
+CXX_STATIC_LIBARY(%):
+ $(error Typo alert! LIBARY != LIBRARY)
+
+CC_STATIC_LIBRARY(%):
+ $(call check_deps)
+ $(call old_or_no_timestamp,$(call update_archive))
+clean: CLEAN(CC_STATIC_LIBRARY*)
+
+CC_STATIC_LIBARY(%):
+ $(error Typo alert! LIBARY != LIBRARY)
+
+
+TEST(%): % qemu_chroot_install
+ $(call TEST_implementation)
+.PHONY: TEST
+
+# multiple targets with a wildcard need to share an directory.
+# Don't use this directly it just makes sure the directory is removed _after_
+# the files are.
+CLEANFILE(%):
+ $(call silent_rm,$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER))
+.PHONY: CLEANFILE
+
+CLEAN(%): CLEANFILE(%)
+ $(QUIET)# CLEAN($%) meta-target called
+ $(if $(filter-out $(PWD)/,$(dir $(abspath $(TARGET_OR_MEMBER)))), \
+ $(call silent_rmdir,$(dir $(abspath $(TARGET_OR_MEMBER)))),\
+ $(QUIET)# Not deleting $(dir $(abspath $(TARGET_OR_MEMBER))) yet.)
+.PHONY: CLEAN
+
+#
+# Top-level objects and pattern rules
+#
+
+# All objects for .c files at the top level
+C_OBJECTS = $(patsubst $(SRC)/%.c,%.o,$(wildcard $(SRC)/*.c))
+
+
+# All objects for .cxx files at the top level
+CXX_OBJECTS = $(patsubst $(SRC)/%.cc,%.o,$(wildcard $(SRC)/*.cc))
+
+# Note, the catch-all pattern rules don't work in subdirectories because
+# we're building from the $(OUT) directory. At the top-level (here) they will
+# work, but we go ahead and match using the module form. Then we can place a
+# generic pattern rule to capture leakage from the main Makefile. (Later in the
+# file.)
+#
+# The reason target specific pattern rules work well for modules,
+# MODULE_C_OBJECTS, is because it scopes the behavior to the given target which
+# ensures we get a relative directory offset from $(OUT) which otherwise would
+# not match without further magic on a per-subdirectory basis.
+
+# Creates object file rules. Call with eval.
+# $(1) list of .o files
+# $(2) source type (CC or CXX)
+# $(3) source suffix (cc or c)
+# $(4) compiler flag name (CFLAGS or CXXFLAGS)
+# $(5) source dir: _only_ if $(SRC). Leave blank for obj tree.
+define add_object_rules
+$(patsubst %.o,%.pie.o,$(1)): %.pie.o: $(5)%.$(3) %.o.depends
+ $$(call auto_mkdir,$$@)
+ $$(call OBJECT_PATTERN_implementation,$(2),\
+ $$(basename $$@),$$($(4)) $$(CPPFLAGS) $$(OBJ_PIE_FLAG))
+
+$(patsubst %.o,%.pic.o,$(1)): %.pic.o: $(5)%.$(3) %.o.depends
+ $$(call auto_mkdir,$$@)
+ $$(call OBJECT_PATTERN_implementation,$(2),\
+ $$(basename $$@),$$($(4)) $$(CPPFLAGS) -fPIC)
+
+# Placeholder for depends
+$(patsubst %.o,%.o.depends,$(1)):
+ $$(call auto_mkdir,$$@)
+ $$(QUIET)touch "$$@"
+
+$(1): %.o: %.pic.o %.pie.o
+ $$(call auto_mkdir,$$@)
+ $$(QUIET)touch "$$@"
+endef
+
+define OBJECT_PATTERN_implementation
+ @$(ECHO) "$(1) $(subst $(SRC)/,,$<) -> $(2).o"
+ $(call auto_mkdir,$@)
+ $(QUIET)$($(1)) -c -MD -MF $(2).d $(3) -o $(2).o $<
+ $(QUIET)# Wrap all the deps in $$(wildcard) so a missing header
+ $(QUIET)# won't cause weirdness. First we remove newlines and \,
+ $(QUIET)# then wrap it.
+ $(QUIET)sed -i -e :j -e '$$!N;s|\\\s*\n| |;tj' \
+ -e 's|^\(.*\s*:\s*\)\(.*\)$$|\1 $$\(wildcard \2\)|' $(2).d
+endef
+
+# Now actually register handlers for C(XX)_OBJECTS.
+$(eval $(call add_object_rules,$(C_OBJECTS),CC,c,CFLAGS,$(SRC)/))
+$(eval $(call add_object_rules,$(CXX_OBJECTS),CXX,cc,CXXFLAGS,$(SRC)/))
+
+# Disable default pattern rules to help avoid leakage.
+# These may already be handled by '-r', but let's keep it to be safe.
+%: %.o ;
+%.a: %.o ;
+%.o: %.c ;
+%.o: %.cc ;
+
+# NOTE: A specific rule for archive objects is avoided because parallel
+# update of the archive causes build flakiness.
+# Instead, just make the objects the prerequisites and use update_archive
+# To use the foo.a(obj.o) functionality, targets would need to specify the
+# explicit object they expect on the prerequisite line.
+
+#
+# Architecture detection and QEMU wrapping
+#
+
+HOST_ARCH ?= $(shell uname -m)
+override ARCH := $(strip $(ARCH))
+override HOST_ARCH := $(strip $(HOST_ARCH))
+# emake will supply "x86" or "arm" for ARCH, but
+# if uname -m runs and you get x86_64, then this subst
+# will break.
+ifeq ($(subst x86,i386,$(ARCH)),i386)
+ QEMU_ARCH := $(subst x86,i386,$(ARCH)) # x86 -> i386
+else ifeq ($(subst amd64,x86_64,$(ARCH)),x86_64)
+ QEMU_ARCH := $(subst amd64,x86_64,$(ARCH)) # amd64 -> x86_64
+else
+ QEMU_ARCH = $(ARCH)
+endif
+override QEMU_ARCH := $(strip $(QEMU_ARCH))
+
+# If we're cross-compiling, try to use qemu for running the tests.
+ifneq ($(QEMU_ARCH),$(HOST_ARCH))
+ ifeq ($(SYSROOT),)
+ $(info SYSROOT not defined. qemu-based testing disabled)
+ else
+ # A SYSROOT is assumed for QEmu use.
+ USE_QEMU ?= 1
+
+ # Allow 64-bit hosts to run 32-bit without qemu.
+ ifeq ($(HOST_ARCH),x86_64)
+ ifeq ($(QEMU_ARCH),i386)
+ USE_QEMU = 0
+ endif
+ endif
+ endif
+else
+ USE_QEMU ?= 0
+endif
+
+# Normally we don't need to run as root or do bind mounts, so only
+# enable it by default when we're using QEMU.
+NEEDS_ROOT ?= $(USE_QEMU)
+NEEDS_MOUNTS ?= $(USE_QEMU)
+
+SYSROOT_OUT = $(OUT)
+ifneq ($(SYSROOT),)
+ SYSROOT_OUT = $(subst $(SYSROOT),,$(OUT))
+else
+ # Default to / when all the empty-sysroot logic is done.
+ SYSROOT = /
+endif
+
+QEMU_NAME = qemu-$(QEMU_ARCH)
+QEMU_PATH = /build/bin/$(QEMU_NAME)
+QEMU_SYSROOT_PATH = $(SYSROOT)$(QEMU_PATH)
+QEMU_SRC_PATH = /usr/bin/$(QEMU_NAME)
+QEMU_BINFMT_PATH = /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/$(QEMU_NAME)
+QEMU_REGISTER_PATH = /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register
+
+QEMU_MAGIC_arm = ":$(QEMU_NAME):M::\x7fELF\x01\x01\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02\x00\x28\x00:\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\x00\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xfe\xff\xff\xff:/build/bin/qemu-arm:"
+
+
+#
+# Output full configuration at top level
+#
+
+# Don't show on clean
+ifneq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),clean)
+ $(info build configuration:)
+ $(info - OUT=$(OUT))
+ $(info - SRC=$(SRC))
+ $(info - MODE=$(MODE))
+ $(info - SPLITDEBUG=$(SPLITDEBUG))
+ $(info - NOSTRIP=$(NOSTRIP))
+ $(info - VALGRIND=$(VALGRIND))
+ $(info - COLOR=$(COLOR))
+ $(info - CXXEXCEPTIONS=$(CXXEXCEPTIONS))
+ $(info - ARCH=$(ARCH))
+ $(info - QEMU_ARCH=$(QEMU_ARCH))
+ $(info - USE_QEMU=$(USE_QEMU))
+ $(info - NEEDS_ROOT=$(NEEDS_ROOT))
+ $(info - NEEDS_MOUNTS=$(NEEDS_MOUNTS))
+ $(info - SYSROOT=$(SYSROOT))
+ $(info )
+endif
+
+#
+# Standard targets with detection for when they are improperly configured.
+#
+
+# all does not include tests by default
+all:
+ $(QUIET)(test -z "$^" && \
+ $(ECHO) "You must add your targets as 'all' prerequisites") || true
+ $(QUIET)test -n "$^"
+
+# Builds and runs tests for the target arch
+# Run them in parallel
+# After the test have completed, if profiling, run coverage analysis
+tests:
+ifeq ($(MODE),profiling)
+ @$(ECHO) "COVERAGE [$(COLOR_YELLOW)STARTED$(COLOR_RESET)]"
+ $(QUIET)FILES=""; \
+ for GCNO in `find . -name "*.gcno"`; do \
+ GCDA="$${GCNO%.gcno}.gcda"; \
+ if [ -e $${GCDA} ]; then \
+ FILES="$${FILES} $${GCDA}"; \
+ fi \
+ done; \
+ if [ -n "$${FILES}" ]; then \
+ gcov -l $${FILES}; \
+ lcov --capture --directory . \
+ --output-file=lcov-coverage.info; \
+ genhtml lcov-coverage.info \
+ --output-directory lcov-html; \
+ fi
+ @$(ECHO) "COVERAGE [$(COLOR_YELLOW)FINISHED$(COLOR_RESET)]"
+endif
+.PHONY: tests
+
+qemu_chroot_install:
+ifeq ($(USE_QEMU),1)
+ $(QUIET)$(ECHO) "QEMU Preparing $(QEMU_NAME)"
+ @# Copying strategy
+ @# Compare /usr/bin/qemu inode to /build/$board/build/bin/qemu, if different
+ @# hard link to a temporary file, then rename temp to target. This should
+ @# ensure that once $QEMU_SYSROOT_PATH exists it will always exist, regardless
+ @# of simultaneous test setups.
+ $(QUIET)if [[ ! -e $(QEMU_SYSROOT_PATH) || \
+ `stat -c %i $(QEMU_SRC_PATH)` != `stat -c %i $(QEMU_SYSROOT_PATH)` \
+ ]]; then \
+ $(ROOT_CMD) ln -Tf $(QEMU_SRC_PATH) $(QEMU_SYSROOT_PATH).$$$$; \
+ $(ROOT_CMD) mv -Tf $(QEMU_SYSROOT_PATH).$$$$ $(QEMU_SYSROOT_PATH); \
+ fi
+
+ @# Prep the binfmt handler. First mount if needed, then unregister any bad
+ @# mappings and then register our mapping.
+ @# There may still be some race conditions here where one script de-registers
+ @# and another script starts executing before it gets re-registered, however
+ @# it should be rare.
+ -$(QUIET)[[ -e $(QEMU_REGISTER_PATH) ]] || \
+ $(ROOT_CMD) mount binfmt_misc -t binfmt_misc \
+ /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc
+
+ -$(QUIET)if [[ -e $(QEMU_BINFMT_PATH) && \
+ `awk '$$1 == "interpreter" {print $$NF}' $(QEMU_BINFMT_PATH)` != \
+ "$(QEMU_PATH)" ]]; then \
+ echo -1 | $(ROOT_CMD) tee $(QEMU_BINFMT_PATH) >/dev/null; \
+ fi
+
+ -$(if $(QEMU_MAGIC_$(ARCH)),$(QUIET)[[ -e $(QEMU_BINFMT_PATH) ]] || \
+ echo $(QEMU_MAGIC_$(ARCH)) | $(ROOT_CMD) tee $(QEMU_REGISTER_PATH) \
+ >/dev/null)
+endif
+.PHONY: qemu_clean qemu_chroot_install
+
+# TODO(wad) Move to -L $(SYSROOT) and fakechroot when qemu-user
+# doesn't hang traversing /proc from SYSROOT.
+SUDO_CMD = sudo
+UNSHARE_CMD = unshare
+QEMU_CMD =
+ROOT_CMD = $(if $(filter 1,$(NEEDS_ROOT)),$(SUDO_CMD) , )
+MOUNT_CMD = $(if $(filter 1,$(NEEDS_MOUNTS)),$(ROOT_CMD) mount, \#)
+UMOUNT_CMD = $(if $(filter 1,$(NEEDS_MOUNTS)),$(ROOT_CMD) umount, \#)
+QEMU_LDPATH = $(SYSROOT_LDPATH):/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib64:/usr/lib
+ROOT_CMD_LDPATH = $(SYSROOT_LDPATH):$(SYSROOT)/lib64:
+ROOT_CMD_LDPATH := $(ROOT_CMD_LDPATH):$(SYSROOT)/lib:$(SYSROOT)/usr/lib64:
+ROOT_CMD_LDPATH := $(ROOT_CMD_LDPATH):$(SYSROOT)/usr/lib
+ifeq ($(USE_QEMU),1)
+ export QEMU_CMD = \
+ $(SUDO_CMD) chroot $(SYSROOT) $(QEMU_PATH) \
+ -drop-ld-preload \
+ -E LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$(QEMU_LDPATH):$(patsubst $(OUT),,$(LD_DIRS))" \
+ -E HOME="$(HOME)" -E SRC="$(SRC)" --
+ # USE_QEMU conditional function
+ define if_qemu
+ $(1)
+ endef
+else
+ ROOT_CMD = $(if $(filter 1,$(NEEDS_ROOT)),sudo, ) \
+ LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$(ROOT_CMD_LDPATH):$(LD_DIRS)"
+ define if_qemu
+ $(2)
+ endef
+endif
+
+VALGRIND_CMD =
+ifeq ($(VALGRIND),1)
+ VALGRIND_CMD = /usr/bin/valgrind --tool=memcheck $(VALGRIND_ARGS) --
+endif
+
+define TEST_implementation
+ $(QUIET)$(call TEST_setup)
+ $(QUIET)$(call TEST_run)
+ $(QUIET)$(call TEST_teardown)
+ $(QUIET)exit $$(cat $(OUT)$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER).status.test)
+endef
+
+define TEST_setup
+ @$(ECHO) -n "TEST $(TARGET_OR_MEMBER) "
+ @$(ECHO) "[$(COLOR_YELLOW)SETUP$(COLOR_RESET)]"
+ $(QUIET)# Setup a target-specific results file
+ $(QUIET)(echo > $(OUT)$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER).setup.test)
+ $(QUIET)(echo 1 > $(OUT)$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER).status.test)
+ $(QUIET)(echo > $(OUT)$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER).cleanup.test)
+ $(QUIET)# No setup if we are not using QEMU
+ $(QUIET)# TODO(wad) this is racy until we use a vfs namespace
+ $(call if_qemu,\
+ $(QUIET)(echo "mkdir -p '$(SYSROOT)/proc' '$(SYSROOT)/dev' \
+ '$(SYSROOT)/mnt/host/source'" \
+ >> "$(OUT)$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER).setup.test"))
+ $(call if_qemu,\
+ $(QUIET)(echo "$(MOUNT_CMD) --bind /mnt/host/source \
+ '$(SYSROOT)/mnt/host/source'" \
+ >> "$(OUT)$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER).setup.test"))
+ $(call if_qemu,\
+ $(QUIET)(echo "$(MOUNT_CMD) --bind /proc '$(SYSROOT)/proc'" \
+ >> "$(OUT)$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER).setup.test"))
+ $(call if_qemu,\
+ $(QUIET)(echo "$(MOUNT_CMD) --bind /dev '$(SYSROOT)/dev'" \
+ >> "$(OUT)$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER).setup.test"))
+endef
+
+define TEST_teardown
+ @$(ECHO) -n "TEST $(TARGET_OR_MEMBER) "
+ @$(ECHO) "[$(COLOR_YELLOW)TEARDOWN$(COLOR_RESET)]"
+ $(call if_qemu, $(QUIET)$(SHELL) "$(OUT)$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER).cleanup.test")
+endef
+
+# Use GTEST_ARGS.[arch] if defined.
+override GTEST_ARGS.real = \
+ $(call if_qemu,$(GTEST_ARGS.qemu.$(QEMU_ARCH)),$(GTEST_ARGS.host.$(HOST_ARCH)))
+
+define TEST_run
+ @$(ECHO) -n "TEST $(TARGET_OR_MEMBER) "
+ @$(ECHO) "[$(COLOR_GREEN)RUN$(COLOR_RESET)]"
+ $(QUIET)(echo 1 > "$(OUT)$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER).status.test")
+ $(QUIET)(echo $(ROOT_CMD) SRC="$(SRC)" $(QEMU_CMD) $(VALGRIND_CMD) \
+ "$(strip $(call if_qemu, $(SYSROOT_OUT),$(OUT))$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER))" \
+ $(if $(filter-out 0,$(words $(GTEST_ARGS.real))),$(GTEST_ARGS.real),\
+ $(GTEST_ARGS)) >> "$(OUT)$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER).setup.test")
+ -$(QUIET)$(call if_qemu,$(SUDO_CMD) $(UNSHARE_CMD) -m) $(SHELL) \
+ $(OUT)$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER).setup.test \
+ && echo 0 > "$(OUT)$(TARGET_OR_MEMBER).status.test"
+endef
+
+# Recursive list reversal so that we get RMDIR_ON_CLEAN in reverse order.
+define reverse
+$(if $(1),$(call reverse,$(wordlist 2,$(words $(1)),$(1)))) $(firstword $(1))
+endef
+
+clean: qemu_clean
+clean: CLEAN($(OUT)*.d) CLEAN($(OUT)*.o) CLEAN($(OUT)*.debug)
+clean: CLEAN($(OUT)*.test) CLEAN($(OUT)*.depends)
+clean: CLEAN($(OUT)*.gcno) CLEAN($(OUT)*.gcda) CLEAN($(OUT)*.gcov)
+clean: CLEAN($(OUT)lcov-coverage.info) CLEAN($(OUT)lcov-html)
+
+clean:
+ $(QUIET)# Always delete the containing directory last.
+ $(call silent_rmdir,$(OUT))
+
+FORCE: ;
+# Empty rule for use when no special targets are needed, like large_tests
+NONE:
+
+.PHONY: clean NONE valgrind NONE
+.DEFAULT_GOAL := all
+# Don't let make blow away "intermediates"
+.PRECIOUS: %.pic.o %.pie.o %.a %.pic.a %.pie.a %.test
+
+# Start accruing build info
+OUT_DIRS = $(OUT)
+LD_DIRS = $(OUT)
+SRC_DIRS = $(SRC)
+
+include $(wildcard $(OUT)*.d)
+SUBMODULE_DIRS = $(wildcard $(SRC)/*/module.mk)
+include $(SUBMODULE_DIRS)
+
+
+else ## In duplicate inclusions of common.mk
+
+# Get the current inclusion directory without a trailing slash
+MODULE := $(patsubst %/,%, \
+ $(dir $(lastword $(filter-out %common.mk,$(MAKEFILE_LIST)))))
+MODULE := $(subst $(SRC)/,,$(MODULE))
+MODULE_NAME := $(subst /,_,$(MODULE))
+#VPATH := $(MODULE):$(VPATH)
+
+
+# Depth first
+$(eval OUT_DIRS += $(OUT)$(MODULE))
+$(eval SRC_DIRS += $(OUT)$(MODULE))
+$(eval LD_DIRS := $(LD_DIRS):$(OUT)$(MODULE))
+
+# Add the defaults from this dir to rm_clean
+clean: CLEAN($(OUT)$(MODULE)/*.d) CLEAN($(OUT)$(MODULE)/*.o)
+clean: CLEAN($(OUT)$(MODULE)/*.debug) CLEAN($(OUT)$(MODULE)/*.test)
+clean: CLEAN($(OUT)$(MODULE)/*.depends)
+clean: CLEAN($(OUT)$(MODULE)/*.gcno) CLEAN($(OUT)$(MODULE)/*.gcda)
+clean: CLEAN($(OUT)$(MODULE)/*.gcov) CLEAN($(OUT)lcov-coverage.info)
+clean: CLEAN($(OUT)lcov-html)
+
+$(info + submodule: $(MODULE_NAME))
+# We must eval otherwise they may be dropped.
+MODULE_C_OBJECTS = $(patsubst $(SRC)/$(MODULE)/%.c,$(MODULE)/%.o,\
+ $(wildcard $(SRC)/$(MODULE)/*.c))
+$(eval $(MODULE_NAME)_C_OBJECTS ?= $(MODULE_C_OBJECTS))
+MODULE_CXX_OBJECTS = $(patsubst $(SRC)/$(MODULE)/%.cc,$(MODULE)/%.o,\
+ $(wildcard $(SRC)/$(MODULE)/*.cc))
+$(eval $(MODULE_NAME)_CXX_OBJECTS ?= $(MODULE_CXX_OBJECTS))
+
+# Note, $(MODULE) is implicit in the path to the %.c.
+# See $(C_OBJECTS) for more details.
+# Register rules for the module objects.
+$(eval $(call add_object_rules,$(MODULE_C_OBJECTS),CC,c,CFLAGS,$(SRC)/))
+$(eval $(call add_object_rules,$(MODULE_CXX_OBJECTS),CXX,cc,CXXFLAGS,$(SRC)/))
+
+# Continue recursive inclusion of module.mk files
+SUBMODULE_DIRS = $(wildcard $(SRC)/$(MODULE)/*/module.mk)
+include $(wildcard $(OUT)$(MODULE)/*.d)
+include $(SUBMODULE_DIRS)
+
+endif
+endif ## pass-to-subcall wrapper for relocating the call directory
diff --git a/memory-eater/README b/memory-eater/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fc76779
--- /dev/null
+++ b/memory-eater/README
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+Usage: memory-eater --size MB [--speed] [--fork] [--repeat N] [--chunk P]
+ [--wait S]
+ --size MB: required to specify the buffer size
+ --fork: fork a child process to double the memory usage
+ --repeat N: access the pages in the buffer N times
+ --chunk P: access P pages in the buffer then wait for S seconds
+ --wait S: wait S seconds between chunks of page accesses
+
+The benchmark has two typical usages:
+
+1) Measure the ZRAM page swap-in rate by trying to access one byte per page.
+Example command:
+
+ memory-eater --size 3072 --speed --fork --repeat 4 --chunk 500
+
+The program will allocate a 3072MB buffer and fork a child process. Then both
+processes will try to access 500 pages in turn until the whole buffer is
+touched for 4 times. If the system only has 4GB of RAM, then each accessed page
+is paged in from swap. Both processes in the end will report pages/sec as the
+result.
+
+2) Create background memory pressure. Example command:
+
+ memory-eater --size 3072 --chunk 1000 --wait 1 &
+
+The program will create a 3072MB buffer and access 1000 pages per second.
+
+
+
diff --git a/memory-eater/memory-eater.c b/memory-eater/memory-eater.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..90a9948
--- /dev/null
+++ b/memory-eater/memory-eater.c
@@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#include <getopt.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+// Lack a common header that defines page size on x86 and ARM. So just
+// explicitly define it here for convenience.
+#define PAGE_SHIFT 12
+#define PAGE_SIZE (1<<PAGE_SHIFT)
+
+// IPC handshake signals
+#define IPC_GOAHEAD "1"
+#define IPC_DONE "2"
+#define IPC_DONE_C '2'
+
+// Add 's' after nouns
+#define CHECK_PLURAL(x) (x > 1 ? "s" : "")
+
+// Accumulator used to suppress compiler optimizations
+int g;
+
+// Walk though the pages with specified starting location and number of
+// iterations. Return the next page index. Record the elapsed time too.
+size_t walk_through_pages(char *buf, size_t start_idx, size_t iters,
+ size_t num_pages, unsigned int wait_time,
+ clock_t *elapsed_time)
+{
+ size_t idx = start_idx;
+
+ clock_t start, end;
+ start = clock();
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < iters; i++) {
+ g += buf[idx << PAGE_SHIFT];
+ idx += 1;
+ // Wrap around idx
+ if (idx >= num_pages)
+ idx = 0;
+ }
+ end = clock();
+ if (elapsed_time)
+ *elapsed_time = end - start;
+ if (wait_time)
+ sleep(wait_time);
+ return idx;
+}
+
+// Initialize the buffer with contents
+void initialize_pages(char *buf, size_t bytes)
+{
+ clock_t start, end;
+ start = clock();
+ // Writing every byte is too slow. We just need to populate some values and
+ // every 4 byte seems OK.
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < bytes; i += 4)
+ buf[i] = i;
+ end = clock();
+ printf("Initializing %u pages took %.2f seconds\n",
+ (int)(bytes / PAGE_SIZE), ((double)(end - start)/CLOCKS_PER_SEC));
+}
+
+// Iterate pages in the buffer for repeat_count times to measure the
+// throughput. When do_fork is true, run two processes concurrently to
+// generate enough memory pressure, in case a single process cannot consume
+// enough memory (eg 32-bit userspace and 64-bit kernel).
+// Instead of accessing all the pages in a non-stop way, try to slice the
+// pages into chunks and use IPC to coordinate the accesses.
+void measure_zram_throughput(char *buf, size_t bytes, size_t num_pages,
+ unsigned int pages_per_chunk,
+ unsigned int repeat_count, unsigned int wait_time,
+ int do_fork)
+{
+ clock_t elapsed_time, total_time = 0;
+ int fd1[2], fd2[2];
+ pid_t childpid;
+ int receiver, sender;
+ char sync;
+ int r;
+
+ // For the child process, manage the pipes and let the child process to start
+ // accessing pages.
+ if (do_fork) {
+ r = pipe(fd1);
+ r = pipe(fd2);
+
+ if ((childpid = fork()) == -1) {
+ perror("fork failure");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ if (childpid == 0) {
+ // Child process
+ close(fd1[0]);
+ close(fd2[1]);
+ sender = fd1[1];
+ receiver = fd2[0];
+
+ } else {
+ // Parent process
+ close(fd2[0]);
+ close(fd1[1]);
+ sender = fd2[1];
+ receiver = fd1[0];
+ // Let the child process to fetch pages first
+ r = write(sender, IPC_GOAHEAD, 1);
+ }
+
+ // Dirty the pages again to trigger copy-on-write so that we have enough
+ // memory pressure from both processes.
+ // NOTE: It is found that re-initializing for the parent process can reduce
+ // the difference in results with the child process.
+ initialize_pages(buf, bytes);
+ }
+
+ // Warmup: touch every page in the buffer to thrash memory first
+ walk_through_pages(buf, 0, num_pages, num_pages, 0, &elapsed_time);
+
+ size_t total_pages = num_pages * repeat_count;
+
+ size_t page_idx = 0;
+ bool need_to_sync = do_fork;
+
+ // Itereate until the specified amount of pages are all accesses
+ while (total_pages != 0) {
+ // Synchronize parent and child page accesses
+ if (need_to_sync) {
+ r = read(receiver, &sync, 1);
+ // The other process is done - no need to wait anymore.
+ if (sync == IPC_DONE_C)
+ need_to_sync = false;
+ }
+
+ // Determine the number of pages to access in this iteration
+ size_t num_pages_chunk = total_pages >= pages_per_chunk ?
+ pages_per_chunk : total_pages;
+
+ page_idx = walk_through_pages(buf, page_idx, pages_per_chunk, num_pages,
+ wait_time, &elapsed_time);
+ total_time += elapsed_time;
+ total_pages -= num_pages_chunk;
+
+ // Let the other process proceed
+ if (need_to_sync) {
+ if (total_pages)
+ r = write(sender, IPC_GOAHEAD, 1);
+ else
+ r = write(sender, IPC_DONE, 1);
+ }
+ }
+
+ printf("Average page access speed: %.0f pages/sec\n",
+ (num_pages * repeat_count)/((double)(total_time)/CLOCKS_PER_SEC));
+}
+
+void print_usage(char *name)
+{
+ printf(
+ "Usage: %s --size MB [--speed] [--fork] [--repeat N] [--chunk P]\n"
+ " [--wait S]\n", name);
+ printf(
+ " --size MB: required to specify the buffer size\n");
+ printf(
+ " --fork: fork a child process to double the memory usage\n");
+ printf(
+ " --repeat N: access the pages in the buffer N times\n");
+ printf(
+ " --chunk P: access P pages in the buffer then wait for S seconds\n");
+ printf(
+ " --wait S: wait S seconds between chunks of page accesses\n");
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+ // Control flags
+ int opt_do_fork = 0;
+ int opt_measure_speed = 0;
+ size_t opt_size_mb = 0;
+ unsigned opt_repeat_count = 0;
+ unsigned opt_pages_per_chunk = 0;
+ unsigned opt_wait_time = 0;
+
+
+ if (argc < 2) {
+ print_usage(argv[0]);
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ while (1) {
+ static struct option long_options[] = {
+ {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
+ {"fork", no_argument, 0, 'f'},
+ {"speed", no_argument, 0, 'd'},
+ {"size", required_argument, 0, 's'},
+ {"repeat", required_argument, 0, 'r'},
+ {"chunk", required_argument, 0, 'c'},
+ {"wait", required_argument, 0, 'w'},
+ {0, 0, 0, 0}
+ };
+
+ /* getopt_long stores the option index here. */
+ int option_index = 0;
+
+ int c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "s:r:c:w:hfd", long_options, &option_index);
+
+ /* Detect the end of the options. */
+ if (c == -1)
+ break;
+
+ switch (c) {
+ case 0:
+ break;
+ case 'd':
+ opt_measure_speed = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'f':
+ opt_do_fork = 1;
+ break;
+ case 's':
+ opt_size_mb = atol(optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'r':
+ opt_repeat_count = atol(optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'c':
+ opt_pages_per_chunk = atol(optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'w':
+ opt_wait_time = atol(optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'h':
+ default:
+ print_usage(argv[0]);
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (opt_size_mb == 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Buffer size cannot be zero\n");
+ print_usage(argv[0]);
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ printf("Test is configured as below:\n");
+ printf("- Size of buffer: %zu MB\n", opt_size_mb);
+ printf("- The test will sleep for %d second%s after accessing %d page%s\n",
+ opt_wait_time, CHECK_PLURAL(opt_wait_time),
+ opt_pages_per_chunk, CHECK_PLURAL(opt_pages_per_chunk));
+ if (opt_measure_speed)
+ printf("- Pages in the buffer will be accessed %d time%s\n",
+ opt_repeat_count, CHECK_PLURAL(opt_repeat_count));
+ if (opt_do_fork)
+ printf("- The test will fork a child process to double the memory usage\n");
+
+ // As a result, bytes will always be multiples of PAGE_SIZE
+ size_t bytes = opt_size_mb * 1024 * 1024;
+ size_t num_pages = bytes / PAGE_SIZE;
+
+ char *buf = (char*) malloc(bytes);
+ if (buf == NULL) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Buffer allocation failed\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ // First, populate the memory buffer
+ initialize_pages(buf, bytes);
+
+ // Measure the throughput (pages/sec)
+ if (opt_measure_speed) {
+ fflush(stdout);
+ measure_zram_throughput(buf, bytes, num_pages, opt_pages_per_chunk,
+ opt_repeat_count, opt_wait_time, opt_do_fork);
+ }
+ else {
+ // Otherwise the program will continuously run in the background.
+ printf("%d waiting for kill\n", getpid());
+ printf("consuming memory\n");
+ size_t page_idx = 0;
+ printf("Will touch pages covering %zd KB of data per %d second%s\n",
+ (size_t) opt_pages_per_chunk * (PAGE_SIZE / 1024), opt_wait_time,
+ CHECK_PLURAL(opt_wait_time));
+ fflush(stdout);
+ // Access the specified page chunks then wait. Repeat forever.
+ if (opt_pages_per_chunk) {
+ while (1) {
+ // Bring in PAGE_ACCESS_MB_PER_SEC of data every second
+ page_idx = walk_through_pages(buf, page_idx, opt_pages_per_chunk,
+ num_pages, opt_wait_time, NULL);
+ }
+ }
+ // If opt_pages_per_chunk is 0, just hold on to the pages without accessing
+ // them after allocation.
+ else {
+ pause();
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/memory-eater/module.mk b/memory-eater/module.mk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ddb1f7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/memory-eater/module.mk
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Copyright 2017 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+include common.mk
+
+CC_BINARY(memory-eater/memory-eater): memory-eater/memory-eater.o
+
+clean: CLEAN(memory-eater/memory-eater)
+
+all: CC_BINARY(memory-eater/memory-eater)
