# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright 2018 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
# found in the LICENSE file.
"""This module provides utils to handle response of "Range Request"."""

from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function

import collections
import itertools
import json
import re

import constants

_RANGE_HEADER_SEPARATORS = re.compile('[-/ ]')
_ONE_LINE = object()  # Special object to indicate data reader to read one line.

_ContentRangeHeader = collections.namedtuple('_ContentRangeHeader',
                                             ('bytes', 'start', 'end', 'total'))


class FormatError(Exception):
  """Exception raised when we parse wrong format of response."""


class NoFileFoundError(Exception):
  """Exception raised when we cannot get a file match the range."""


class ResponseQueueError(Exception):
  """Exception raised when trying to queue responses not allowed."""


def _get_file_by_range_header(range_header_str, file_name_map):
  """Get file name and size by the Content-Range header.

  The format of Content-Range header is like:
    Content-Range: bytes <start>-<end>/<total>
  We get the <start> and <end> from it and retrieve the file name from
  |file_name_map|.

  Args:
    range_header_str: A string of range header.
    file_name_map: A dict of {(<start:str>, <size:int>): filename, ...}.

  Returns:
    A tuple of (filename, size).

  Raises:
    FormatError: Raised when response content interrupted.
    NoFileFoundError: Raised when we cannot get a file matches the range.
  """
  # Split the part of 'Content-Range:' first if needed.
  if range_header_str.lower().startswith('content-range:'):
    range_header_str = range_header_str.split(': ', 1)[1]

  try:
    range_header = _ContentRangeHeader._make(
        _RANGE_HEADER_SEPARATORS.split(range_header_str)
    )
    size = int(range_header.end) - int(range_header.start) + 1
  except (IndexError, ValueError):
    raise FormatError('Wrong format of content range header: %s' %
                      range_header_str)

  try:
    filename = file_name_map[(range_header.start, size)]
  except KeyError:
    raise NoFileFoundError('Cannot find a file matches the range %s' %
                           range_header_str)

  return filename, size


class JsonStreamer(object):
  """A class to stream the responses for range requests.

  The class accepts responses and format the file content in all of them as a
  JSON stream. The format:
    '{"<filename>": "<content>", "<filename>": "<content>", ...}'
  """

  def __init__(self):
    self._files_iter_list = []
    self._can_add_more_response = True

  def queue_response(self, response, file_info_list):
    """Add a reponse to the queue to be streamed as JSON.

    We can add either:
      1. one and only one response for single-part range requests, or
      2. a series of responses for multi-part range requests.

    Args:
      response: An instance of requests.Response, which may be the response of a
        single range request, or a multi-part range request.
      file_info_list: A list of tarfile_utils.TarMemberInfo. We use it to look
        up file name by content start offset and size.

    Raises:
      FormatError: Raised when response to be queued isn't for a range request.
      ResponseQueueError: Raised when either queuing more than one response for
        single-part range request, or mixed responses for single-part and
        multi-part range request.
    """
    if not self._can_add_more_response:
      raise ResponseQueueError(
          'No more reponses can be added when there was a response for '
          'single-part range request in the queue!')

    file_name_map = {(f.content_start, int(f.size)): f.filename
                     for f in file_info_list}

    # Check if the response is for single range, or multi-part range. For a
    # single range request, the response must have header 'Content-Range'. For a
    # multi-part ranges request, the Content-Type header must be like
    # 'multipart/byteranges; ......'.
    content_range = response.headers.get('Content-Range', None)
    content_type = response.headers.get('Content-Type', '')

    if content_range:
      if self._files_iter_list:
        raise ResponseQueueError(
            'Cannot queue more than one responses for single-part range '
            'request, or mix responses for single-part and multi-part.')
      filename, _ = _get_file_by_range_header(content_range, file_name_map)
      self._files_iter_list = [iter([(filename, response.content)])]
      self._can_add_more_response = False

    elif content_type.startswith('multipart/byteranges;'):
      self._files_iter_list.append(
          _file_iterator(response, file_name_map))

    else:
      raise FormatError('The response is not for a range request.')

  def stream(self):
    """Yield the series of responses content as a JSON stream.

    Yields:
      A JSON stream in format described above.
    """
    files_iter = itertools.chain(*self._files_iter_list)

    json_encoder = json.JSONEncoder()
    filename, content = next(files_iter)
    yield '{%s: %s' % (json_encoder.encode(filename),
                       json_encoder.encode(content))
    for filename, content in files_iter:
      yield ', %s: %s' % (json_encoder.encode(filename),
                          json_encoder.encode(content))
    yield '}'


def _data_reader(data_iter):
  """A coroutine to read data from |data_iter|.

  It accepts two type of parameter:
    1. _ONE_LINE: Read one CRLF ended line if possible.
    2. An integer N: Read at most N bytes.

  Args:
    data_iter: An iterator of data source.

  Yields:
    The data read.
  """
  buffered = next(data_iter)

  # Get what to be read in runtime by passing value into the generator. See
  # https://docs.python.org/2.5/whatsnew/pep-342.html for syntax details.
  to_be_read = yield

  while True:
    if to_be_read is _ONE_LINE:
      parts = buffered.split('\r\n', 1)
      if len(parts) == 2:
        line, buffered = parts
        to_be_read = (yield line)
        continue

    else:  # Read at most |to_be_read| bytes of data.
      bytes_remaining = to_be_read - len(buffered)
      if bytes_remaining < 0:
        read_bytes = buffered[:bytes_remaining]
        buffered = buffered[bytes_remaining:]
        to_be_read = (yield read_bytes)
        continue

    try:
      buffered += next(data_iter)
    except StopIteration:
      break

  if buffered:
    yield buffered


def _read_line(reader):
  """Read one CRLF ended line from the response.

  Returns:
    The line read. Return None if nothing to read.
  """
  return reader.send(_ONE_LINE)


def _read_empty_line(reader):
  """Read one line and assert it is empty."""
  try:
    line = _read_line(reader)
  except StopIteration:
    raise FormatError('Expect an empty line, but got EOF.')
  if line:
    raise FormatError('Expect an empty line, but got "%s".' % line)


def _read_bytes(reader, max_bytes):
  """Read at most |max_bytes| bytes from the reader.

  Args:
    reader:
    max_bytes: An integer of maximum bytes of bytes to read.

  Returns:
    The bytes read. Return None if nothing to read.
  """
  return reader.send(max_bytes)


def _file_iterator(response, file_name_map):
  """The iterator of files in a response of multi-part range request.

  An example response is like:

    HTTP/1.1 206 Partial Content
    Content-Type: multipart/byteranges; boundary=magic_string
    Content-Length: 282

    --magic_string
    Content-Type: text/html
    Content-Range: bytes 0-50/1270

    <data>
    --magic_string
    Content-Type: text/html
    Content-Range: bytes 100-150/1270

    <data>
    --magic_string--

  In our application, each part is the content of a file. This class iterates
  the files.

  Args:
    response: An instance of requests.response.
    file_name_map: A dict of {(<start:str>, <size:int>): filename, ...}.

  Yields:
    A pair of (name, content) of the file.

  Raises:
    FormatError: Raised when response content interrupted.
  """
  reader = _data_reader(
      response.iter_content(constants.READ_BUFFER_SIZE_BYTES))
  reader.next()  # initialize the coroutine

  _read_empty_line(reader)  # The first line is empty.
  while True:
    _read_line(reader)  # The second line is the boundary.
    _read_line(reader)  # The line sub content type.
    sub_range_header = _read_line(reader)  # The line of sub content range.
    if sub_range_header is None:
      break
    _read_empty_line(reader)  # Another empty line.

    filename, size = _get_file_by_range_header(sub_range_header,
                                               file_name_map)
    content = _read_bytes(reader, size)

    _read_empty_line(reader)  # Every content has a trailing '\r\n'.

    bytes_read = 0 if content is None else len(content)
    if bytes_read != size:
      raise FormatError(
          '%s: Error in reading content (read %d B, expect %d B)' %
          (filename, bytes_read, size)
      )

    yield filename, content