# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright 2019 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
# found in the LICENSE file.

"""Toolchain and related functionality."""

from __future__ import print_function

import collections
import datetime
import json
import os
import re

from chromite.cbuildbot import afdo
from chromite.lib import alerts
from chromite.lib import constants
from chromite.lib import cros_build_lib
from chromite.lib import cros_logging as logging
from chromite.lib import git
from chromite.lib import gs
from chromite.lib import osutils
from chromite.lib import path_util
from chromite.lib import portage_util
from chromite.lib import timeout_util

# URLs
# FIXME(tcwang): Remove access to GS buckets from this lib.
# There are plans in the future to remove all network
# operations from chromite, including access to GS buckets.
# Need to use build API and recipes to communicate to GS buckets in
# the future.
ORDERFILE_GS_URL_UNVETTED = \
    'gs://chromeos-prebuilt/afdo-job/orderfiles/unvetted'
ORDERFILE_GS_URL_VETTED = \
    'gs://chromeos-prebuilt/afdo-job/orderfiles/vetted'
BENCHMARK_AFDO_GS_URL = \
    'gs://chromeos-prebuilt/afdo-job/llvm/'
CWP_AFDO_GS_URL = \
    'gs://chromeos-prebuilt/afdo-job/cwp/chrome/'
KERNEL_PROFILE_URL = \
    'gs://chromeos-prebuilt/afdo-job/cwp/kernel/'
AFDO_GS_URL_VETTED = \
    'gs://chromeos-prebuilt/afdo-job/vetted/'
KERNEL_AFDO_GS_URL_VETTED = \
    os.path.join(AFDO_GS_URL_VETTED, 'kernel')
BENCHMARK_AFDO_GS_URL_VETTED = \
    os.path.join(AFDO_GS_URL_VETTED, 'benchmarks')
CWP_AFDO_GS_URL_VETTED = \
    os.path.join(AFDO_GS_URL_VETTED, 'cwp')
RELEASE_AFDO_GS_URL_VETTED = \
    os.path.join(AFDO_GS_URL_VETTED, 'release')

# Constants
AFDO_SUFFIX = '.afdo'
AFDO_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX = '.bz2'
ORDERFILE_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX = '.xz'
KERNEL_AFDO_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX = '.gcov.xz'
TOOLCHAIN_UTILS_PATH = '/mnt/host/source/src/third_party/toolchain-utils/'
TOOLCHAIN_UTILS_REPO = \
    'https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/third_party/toolchain-utils'

# How old can the Kernel AFDO data be? (in days).
KERNEL_ALLOWED_STALE_DAYS = 42
# How old can the Kernel AFDO data be before sheriff got noticed? (in days).
KERNEL_WARN_STALE_DAYS = 14

# For merging release Chrome profiles.
RELEASE_CWP_MERGE_WEIGHT = 75
RELEASE_BENCHMARK_MERGE_WEIGHT = 100 - RELEASE_CWP_MERGE_WEIGHT

# Set of boards that can generate the AFDO profile (can generate 'perf'
# data with LBR events). Currently, it needs to be a device that has
# at least 4GB of memory.
#
# This must be consistent with the definitions in autotest.
AFDO_DATA_GENERATORS_LLVM = ('chell', 'samus')

KERNEL_AFDO_VERIFIER_BOARDS = {'lulu': '3.14', 'chell': '3.18', 'eve': '4.4'}
CWP_PROFILE_SUPPORTED_ARCHS = ['silvermont', 'airmont', 'broadwell']

AFDO_ALERT_RECIPIENTS = [
    'chromeos-toolchain-sheriff@grotations.appspotmail.com'
]

# RegExps
# NOTE: These regexp are copied from cbuildbot/afdo.py. Keep two copies
# until deployed and then remove the one in cbuildbot/afdo.py.
CHROOT_ROOT = os.path.join('%(build_root)s', constants.DEFAULT_CHROOT_DIR)
CHROOT_TMP_DIR = os.path.join('%(root)s', 'tmp')
AFDO_VARIABLE_REGEX = r'AFDO_FILE\["%s"\]'
AFDO_ARTIFACT_EBUILD_REGEX = r'^(?P<bef>%s=")(?P<name>.*)(?P<aft>")'
AFDO_ARTIFACT_EBUILD_REPL = r'\g<bef>%s\g<aft>'

BENCHMARK_PROFILE_NAME_REGEX = r"""
       ^chromeos-chrome-amd64-
       (\d+)\.                    # Major
       (\d+)\.                    # Minor
       (\d+)\.                    # Build
       (\d+)                      # Patch
       (?:_rc)?-r(\d+)            # Revision
       (-merged)?\.
       afdo(?:\.bz2)?$            # We don't care about the presence of .bz2,
                                  # so we use the ignore-group '?:' operator.
"""

BenchmarkProfileVersion = collections.namedtuple(
    'BenchmarkProfileVersion',
    ['major', 'minor', 'build', 'patch', 'revision', 'is_merged'])

CWP_PROFILE_NAME_REGEX = r"""
      ^R(\d+)-                      # Major
       (\d+)\.                      # Build
       (\d+)-                       # Patch
       (\d+)                        # Clock; breaks ties sometimes.
       (?:\.afdo|\.gcov)?           # Optional: CWP for Chrome has `afdo`,
                                    # and kernel has `gcov`. Also this regex
                                    # is also used to match names in ebuild and
                                    # sometimes names in ebuild don't have
                                    # suffix.
       (?:\.xz)?$                   # We don't care about the presence of xz
    """

CWPProfileVersion = collections.namedtuple('CWPProfileVersion',
                                           ['major', 'build', 'patch', 'clock'])

ORDERFILE_NAME_REGEX = r"""
      ^chromeos-chrome-orderfile
      # CWP parts
      -field
      -(\d+)                     # Major
      -(\d+)                     # Build
      \.(\d+)                     # Patch
      -(\d+)                     # Clock; breaks ties sometimes.
      # Benchmark parts
      -benchmark
      -(\d+)                     # Major
      \.(\d+)                     # Minor
      \.(\d+)                     # Build
      \.(\d+)                     # Patch
      -r(\d+)                    # Revision
      \.orderfile(?:\.xz)?$
"""

CHROME_ARCH_VERSION = '%(package)s-%(arch)s-%(version)s'
CHROME_PERF_AFDO_FILE = '%s.perf.data' % CHROME_ARCH_VERSION
CHROME_BENCHMARK_AFDO_FILE = '%s%s' % (CHROME_ARCH_VERSION, AFDO_SUFFIX)


class Error(Exception):
  """Base module error class."""


class GenerateChromeOrderfileError(Error):
  """Error for GenerateChromeOrderfile class."""


class ProfilesNameHelperError(Error):
  """Error for helper functions related to profile naming."""


class GenerateBenchmarkAFDOProfilesError(Error):
  """Error for GenerateBenchmarkAFDOProfiles class."""


class UpdateEbuildWithAFDOArtifactsError(Error):
  """Error for UpdateEbuildWithAFDOArtifacts class."""


class PublishVettedAFDOArtifactsError(Error):
  """Error for publishing vetted afdo artifacts."""


def _ParseBenchmarkProfileName(profile_name):
  """Parse the name of a benchmark profile for Chrome.

  Examples:
    with input: profile_name='chromeos-chrome-amd64-77.0.3849.0_rc-r1.afdo'
    the function returns:
    BenchmarkProfileVersion(
      major=77, minor=0, build=3849, patch=0, revision=1, is_merged=False)

  Args:
    profile_name: The name of a benchmark profile.

  Returns:
    Named tuple of BenchmarkProfileVersion. With the input above, returns
  """
  pattern = re.compile(BENCHMARK_PROFILE_NAME_REGEX, re.VERBOSE)
  match = pattern.match(profile_name)
  if not match:
    raise ProfilesNameHelperError(
        'Unparseable benchmark profile name: %s' % profile_name)

  groups = match.groups()
  version_groups = groups[:-1]
  is_merged = groups[-1]
  return BenchmarkProfileVersion(
      *[int(x) for x in version_groups], is_merged=bool(is_merged))


def _ParseCWPProfileName(profile_name):
  """Parse the name of a CWP profile for Chrome.

  Examples:
    With input profile_name='R77-3809.38-1562580965.afdo',
    the function returns:
    CWPProfileVersion(major=77, build=3809, patch=38, clock=1562580965)

  Args:
    profile_name: The name of a CWP profile.

  Returns:
    Named tuple of CWPProfileVersion.
  """
  pattern = re.compile(CWP_PROFILE_NAME_REGEX, re.VERBOSE)
  match = pattern.match(profile_name)
  if not match:
    raise ProfilesNameHelperError(
        'Unparseable CWP profile name: %s' % profile_name)
  return CWPProfileVersion(*[int(x) for x in match.groups()])


def _ParseOrderfileName(orderfile_name):
  """Parse the name of an orderfile for Chrome.

  Examples:
    With input: profile_name='chromeos-chrome-orderfile\
    -field-77-3809.38-1562580965
    -benchmark-77.0.3849.0_rc-r1.orderfile.xz'
    the function returns:
    (BenchmarkProfileVersion(
     major=77, minor=0, build=3849, patch=0, revision=1, is_merged=False),
     CWPProfileVersion(major=77, build=3809, patch=38, clock=1562580965))

  Args:
    orderfile_name: The name of an orderfile.

  Returns:
    A tuple of (BenchmarkProfileVersion, CWPProfileVersion)
  """
  pattern = re.compile(ORDERFILE_NAME_REGEX, re.VERBOSE)
  match = pattern.match(orderfile_name)
  if not match:
    raise ProfilesNameHelperError(
        'Unparseable orderfile name: %s' % orderfile_name)
  groups = match.groups()
  cwp_groups = groups[:4]
  benchmark_groups = groups[4:]
  return (BenchmarkProfileVersion(
      *[int(x) for x in benchmark_groups], is_merged=False),
          CWPProfileVersion(*[int(x) for x in cwp_groups]))


def _FindEbuildPath(package, buildroot=None, board=None):
  """Find the path to ebuild (in chroot or outside).

  Args:
    package: Name of the package. chromeos-chrome or chromeos-kernel-X_XX.
    buildroot: Optional. The path to build root, when used outside chroot.
    When omitted, the return path is relative inside chroot.
    board: Optional. A string of the name of the board.

  Returns:
    The full path to the versioned ebuild file. The path is either
    relative inside chroot, or outside chroot, depending on the buildroot arg.
  """
  valid_package_names = [
      'chromeos-kernel-' + x.replace('.', '_')
      for x in KERNEL_AFDO_VERIFIER_BOARDS.values()
  ] + ['chromeos-chrome']
  if package not in valid_package_names:
    raise ValueError('Invalid package name %s to look up ebuild.' % package)

  if board:
    equery_prog = 'equery-%s' % board
  else:
    equery_prog = 'equery'
  equery_cmd = [equery_prog, 'w', package]
  ebuild_file = cros_build_lib.run(
      equery_cmd, enter_chroot=True, redirect_stdout=True).output.rstrip()
  if not buildroot:
    return ebuild_file

  basepath = '/mnt/host/source'
  if not ebuild_file.startswith(basepath):
    raise ValueError('Unexpected ebuild path: %s' % ebuild_file)
  ebuild_path = os.path.relpath(ebuild_file, basepath)
  return os.path.join(buildroot, ebuild_path)


# FIXME(tcwang): This is used to get the name of a profile used to
# build the packages. For Chrome, we are moving the AFDO bits out of
# the ebuild (https://crbug.com/1001227), so we need to rewrite this
# call for Chrome AFDOs.
def _GetArtifactVersionInEbuild(package, variable, buildroot=None):
  """Find the version (name) of AFDO artifact in ebuild file.

  Args:
    package: The name of the package to search ebuild file.
    variable: The name of the variable appear in the ebuild file.
    buildroot: Optional. When omitted, search ebuild file inside
    chroot. Otherwise, use the path to search ebuild file outside.

  Returns:
    The name of the AFDO artifact found in the ebuild file.
    None if not found.
  """
  ebuild_file = _FindEbuildPath(package, buildroot=buildroot)
  pattern = re.compile(AFDO_ARTIFACT_EBUILD_REGEX % variable)
  with open(ebuild_file) as f:
    for line in f:
      matched = pattern.match(line)
      if matched:
        return matched.group('name')

  logging.info('%s is not found in the ebuild: %s', variable, ebuild_file)
  return None


def _GetCombinedAFDOName(cwp_name, cwp_arch, benchmark_name):
  """Construct a name mixing CWP and benchmark AFDO names.

  Examples:
    If benchmark AFDO is chromeos-chrome-amd64-77.0.3849.0_rc-r1.afdo,
    and CWP AFDO is R77-3809.38-1562580965.afdo, the returned name is:
    field-77-3809.38-1562580965-benchmark-77.0.3849.0-r1

  Args:
    cwp_name: Name of a CWP profile.
    cwp_arch: Architecture used to differentiate CWP profiles.
    benchmark_name: Name of benchmark profile.

  Returns:
    A name using the combination of CWP + benchmark AFDO names.
  """
  benchmark_afdo_versions = _ParseBenchmarkProfileName(benchmark_name)
  cwp_afdo_versions = _ParseCWPProfileName(cwp_name)
  cwp_piece = '%s-%d-%d.%d-%d' % (
      cwp_arch, cwp_afdo_versions.major, cwp_afdo_versions.build,
      cwp_afdo_versions.patch, cwp_afdo_versions.clock)
  benchmark_piece = 'benchmark-%d.%d.%d.%d-r%d' % (
      benchmark_afdo_versions.major, benchmark_afdo_versions.minor,
      benchmark_afdo_versions.build, benchmark_afdo_versions.patch,
      benchmark_afdo_versions.revision)
  return '%s-%s' % (cwp_piece, benchmark_piece)


def _GetOrderfileName(buildroot):
  """Construct an orderfile name for the current Chrome OS checkout.

  Args:
    buildroot: The path to build root.

  Returns:
    An orderfile name using CWP + benchmark AFDO name.
  """
  benchmark_afdo_name = _GetArtifactVersionInEbuild(
      'chromeos-chrome', AFDO_VARIABLE_REGEX % 'benchmark', buildroot=buildroot)
  cwp_afdo_name = _GetArtifactVersionInEbuild(
      'chromeos-chrome',
      AFDO_VARIABLE_REGEX % 'silvermont',
      buildroot=buildroot)
  return 'chromeos-chrome-orderfile-%s' % (
      _GetCombinedAFDOName(cwp_afdo_name, 'field', benchmark_afdo_name))


def _GetBenchmarkAFDOName(buildroot, board):
  """Constructs a benchmark AFDO name for the current build root.

  Args:
    buildroot: The path to build root.
    board: The name of the board.

  Returns:
    A string similar to: chromeos-chrome-amd64-77.0.3849.0_rc-r1.afdo
  """
  cpv = portage_util.PortageqBestVisible(constants.CHROME_CP, cwd=buildroot)
  arch = portage_util.PortageqEnvvar('ARCH', board=board, allow_undefined=True)
  afdo_spec = {'package': cpv.package, 'arch': arch, 'version': cpv.version}
  afdo_file = CHROME_BENCHMARK_AFDO_FILE % afdo_spec
  return afdo_file


def _CompressAFDOFiles(targets, input_dir, output_dir, suffix):
  """Compress files using AFDO compression type.

  Args:
    targets: List of files to compress. Only the basename is needed.
    input_dir: Paths to the targets (outside chroot). If None, use
    the targets as full path.
    output_dir: Paths to save the compressed file (outside chroot).
    suffix: Compression suffix.

  Returns:
    List of full paths of the generated tarballs.

  Raises:
    RuntimeError if the file to compress does not exist.
  """
  ret = []
  for t in targets:
    name = os.path.basename(t)
    compressed = name + suffix
    if input_dir:
      input_path = os.path.join(input_dir, name)
    else:
      input_path = t
    if not os.path.exists(input_path):
      raise RuntimeError('file %s to compress does not exist' % input_path)
    output_path = os.path.join(output_dir, compressed)
    cros_build_lib.CompressFile(input_path, output_path)
    ret.append(output_path)
  return ret


def _UploadAFDOArtifactToGSBucket(gs_url, local_path, rename=''):
  """Upload AFDO artifact to a centralized GS Bucket.

  Args:
    gs_url: The location to upload the artifact.
    local_path: Full local path to the file.
    rename: Optional. The name used in the bucket. If omitted, will use
    the same name as in local path.

  Raises:
    RuntimeError if the file to upload doesn't exist.
  """
  gs_context = gs.GSContext()

  if not os.path.exists(local_path):
    raise RuntimeError('file %s to upload does not exist' % local_path)

  if rename:
    remote_name = rename
  else:
    remote_name = os.path.basename(local_path)
  url = os.path.join(gs_url, remote_name)

  if gs_context.Exists(url):
    logging.info('URL %s already exists, skipping uploading...', url)
    return

  gs_context.Copy(local_path, url, acl='public-read')


def _MergeAFDOProfiles(chroot_profile_list,
                       chroot_output_profile,
                       use_compbinary=False):
  """Merges the given profile list.

  This function is copied over from afdo.py.

  Args:
    chroot_profile_list: a list of (profile_path, profile_weight).
      Profile_weight is an int that tells us how to weight the profile compared
      to everything else.
    chroot_output_profile: where to store the result profile.
    use_compbinary: whether to use the new compressed binary AFDO profile
      format.
  """
  if not chroot_profile_list:
    raise ValueError('Need profiles to merge')

  # A regular llvm-profdata command looks like:
  # llvm-profdata merge [-sample] -output=/path/to/output input1 [input2
  #                                                               [input3 ...]]
  #
  # Alternatively, we can specify inputs by `-weighted-input=A,file`, where A
  # is a multiplier of the sample counts in the profile.
  merge_command = [
      'llvm-profdata',
      'merge',
      '-sample',
      '-output=' + chroot_output_profile,
  ]

  merge_command += [
      '-weighted-input=%d,%s' % (weight, name)
      for name, weight in chroot_profile_list
  ]

  if use_compbinary:
    merge_command.append('-compbinary')

  cros_build_lib.run(merge_command, enter_chroot=True, print_cmd=True)


def _RedactAFDOProfile(input_path, output_path):
  """Redact ICF'ed symbols from AFDO profiles.

  ICF can cause inflation on AFDO sampling results, so we want to remove
  them from AFDO profiles used for Chrome.
  See http://crbug.com/916024 for more details.

  Args:
    input_path: Full path to input AFDO profile.
    output_path: Full path to output AFDO profile.
  """

  profdata_command_base = ['llvm-profdata', 'merge', '-sample']
  # Convert the compbinary profiles to text profiles.
  input_to_text_temp = input_path + '.text.temp'
  convert_to_text_command = profdata_command_base + [
      '-text', input_path, '-output', input_to_text_temp
  ]
  cros_build_lib.run(convert_to_text_command, enter_chroot=True, print_cmd=True)

  # Call the redaction script.
  redacted_temp = input_path + '.redacted.temp'
  with open(input_to_text_temp) as f:
    cros_build_lib.run(['redact_textual_afdo_profile'],
                       input=f,
                       log_stdout_to_file=redacted_temp,
                       enter_chroot=True,
                       print_cmd=True)

  # Convert the profiles back to compbinary profiles.
  # Using `compbinary` profiles saves us hundreds of MB of RAM per
  # compilation, since it allows profiles to be lazily loaded.
  convert_to_combinary_command = profdata_command_base + [
      '-compbinary',
      redacted_temp,
      '-output',
      output_path,
  ]
  cros_build_lib.run(
      convert_to_combinary_command, enter_chroot=True, print_cmd=True)


class GenerateChromeOrderfile(object):
  """Class to handle generation of orderfile for Chrome.

  This class takes orderfile containing symbols ordered by Call-Chain
  Clustering (C3), produced when linking Chrome, and uses a toolchain
  script to perform post processing to generate an orderfile that can
  be used for linking Chrome and creates tarball. The output of this
  script is a tarball of the orderfile and a tarball of the NM output
  of the built Chrome binary.

  The whole class runs outside chroot, so use paths relative outside
  chroot, except the functions noted otherwise.
  """

  PROCESS_SCRIPT = os.path.join(TOOLCHAIN_UTILS_PATH,
                                'orderfile/post_process_orderfile.py')
  CHROME_BINARY_PATH = ('/var/cache/chromeos-chrome/chrome-src-internal/'
                        'src/out_${BOARD}/Release/chrome')
  INPUT_ORDERFILE_PATH = ('/build/${BOARD}/opt/google/chrome/'
                          'chrome.orderfile.txt')

  def __init__(self, board, output_dir, chroot_path, chroot_args):
    """Construct an object for generating orderfile for Chrome.

    Args:
      board: Name of the board.
      output_dir: Directory (outside chroot) to save the output artifacts.
      chroot_path: Path to the chroot.
      chroot_args: The arguments used to enter the chroot.
    """
    self.output_dir = output_dir
    self.orderfile_name = _GetOrderfileName(os.path.join(chroot_path, '..'))
    self.chrome_binary = self.CHROME_BINARY_PATH.replace('${BOARD}', board)
    self.input_orderfile = self.INPUT_ORDERFILE_PATH.replace('${BOARD}', board)
    self.chroot_path = chroot_path
    self.working_dir = os.path.join(self.chroot_path, 'tmp')
    self.working_dir_inchroot = '/tmp'
    self.chroot_args = chroot_args

  def _CheckArguments(self):
    """Make sure the arguments received are correct."""
    if not os.path.isdir(self.output_dir):
      raise GenerateChromeOrderfileError(
          'Non-existent directory %s specified for --out-dir', self.output_dir)

    chrome_binary_path_outside = os.path.join(self.chroot_path,
                                              self.chrome_binary[1:])
    if not os.path.exists(chrome_binary_path_outside):
      raise GenerateChromeOrderfileError(
          'Chrome binary does not exist at %s in chroot',
          chrome_binary_path_outside)

    chrome_orderfile_path_outside = os.path.join(self.chroot_path,
                                                 self.input_orderfile[1:])
    if not os.path.exists(chrome_orderfile_path_outside):
      raise GenerateChromeOrderfileError(
          'No orderfile generated in the builder.')

  def _GenerateChromeNM(self):
    """Generate symbols by running nm command on Chrome binary.

    This command runs inside chroot.
    """
    cmd = ['llvm-nm', '-n', self.chrome_binary]
    result_inchroot = os.path.join(self.working_dir_inchroot,
                                   self.orderfile_name + '.nm')
    result_out_chroot = os.path.join(self.working_dir,
                                     self.orderfile_name + '.nm')

    try:
      cros_build_lib.run(
          cmd,
          log_stdout_to_file=result_out_chroot,
          enter_chroot=True,
          chroot_args=self.chroot_args)
    except cros_build_lib.RunCommandError:
      raise GenerateChromeOrderfileError(
          'Unable to run %s to get nm on Chrome binary' % (cmd))

    # Return path inside chroot
    return result_inchroot

  def _PostProcessOrderfile(self, chrome_nm):
    """Use toolchain script to do post-process on the orderfile.

    This command runs inside chroot.
    """
    result = os.path.join(self.working_dir_inchroot,
                          self.orderfile_name + '.orderfile')
    cmd = [
        self.PROCESS_SCRIPT, '--chrome', chrome_nm, '--input',
        self.input_orderfile, '--output', result
    ]

    try:
      cros_build_lib.run(
          cmd, enter_chroot=True, chroot_args=self.chroot_args)
    except cros_build_lib.RunCommandError:
      raise GenerateChromeOrderfileError(
          'Unable to run %s to process orderfile.' % (cmd))

    # Return path inside chroot
    return result

  def Perform(self):
    """Generate post-processed Chrome orderfile and create tarball."""
    self._CheckArguments()
    chrome_nm = self._GenerateChromeNM()
    orderfile = self._PostProcessOrderfile(chrome_nm)
    tarballs = _CompressAFDOFiles([chrome_nm, orderfile], self.working_dir,
                                  self.output_dir, ORDERFILE_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX)
    for t in tarballs:
      _UploadAFDOArtifactToGSBucket(ORDERFILE_GS_URL_UNVETTED, t)


class UpdateEbuildWithAFDOArtifacts(object):
  """Class to update ebuild with unvetted AFDO artifacts.

  This class is used to verify an unvetted AFDO artifact, by patching
  the ebuild of the package with a dictionary of rules.

  This class runs inside chroot, so all the paths should be relative
  inside chroot.
  """

  def __init__(self, board, package, update_rules):
    """Construct an object for updating ebuild with AFDO artifacts.

    Args:
      board: Name of the board.
      package: Name of the package to test with.
      update_rules: A dict containing pairs of (key, value) used to
      patch ebuild. "key" will be used to search ebuild as an variable,
      and update that variable with "value".
    """
    self.board = board
    self.package = package
    self.update_rules = update_rules

  def _PatchEbuild(self, ebuild_file):
    """Patch the specified ebuild to use the artifact.

    Args:
      ebuild_file: path to the ebuild file.

    Raises:
      UpdateEbuildWithAFDOArtifactsError: If marker is not found.
    """
    original_ebuild = path_util.FromChrootPath(ebuild_file)
    modified_ebuild = '%s.new' % original_ebuild

    patterns = []
    replacements = []
    for name, value in self.update_rules.items():
      patterns.append(re.compile(AFDO_ARTIFACT_EBUILD_REGEX % name))
      replacements.append(AFDO_ARTIFACT_EBUILD_REPL % value)

    found = set()
    with open(original_ebuild) as original, \
         open(modified_ebuild, 'w') as modified:
      for line in original:
        matched = False
        for p, r in zip(patterns, replacements):
          matched = p.match(line)
          if matched:
            found.add(r)
            modified.write(p.sub(r, line))
            # Each line can only match one pattern
            break
        if not matched:
          modified.write(line)
    not_updated = set(replacements) - found
    if not_updated:
      logging.info('Unable to update %s in the ebuild', not_updated)
      raise UpdateEbuildWithAFDOArtifactsError(
          'Ebuild file does not have appropriate marker for AFDO/orderfile.')

    os.rename(modified_ebuild, original_ebuild)
    for name, value in self.update_rules.items():
      logging.info('Patched %s with (%s, %s)', original_ebuild, name, value)

  def _UpdateManifest(self, ebuild_file):
    """Regenerate the Manifest file. (To update orderfile)

    Args:
      ebuild_file: path to the ebuild file
    """
    ebuild_prog = 'ebuild-%s' % self.board
    cmd = [ebuild_prog, ebuild_file, 'manifest', '--force']
    cros_build_lib.run(cmd, enter_chroot=True)

  def Perform(self):
    """Main function to update ebuild with the rules."""
    ebuild = _FindEbuildPath(self.package, board=self.board)
    self._PatchEbuild(ebuild)
    # Patch the chrome 9999 ebuild too, as the manifest will use
    # 9999 ebuild.
    ebuild_9999 = os.path.join(
        os.path.dirname(ebuild), self.package + '-9999.ebuild')
    self._PatchEbuild(ebuild_9999)
    # Use 9999 ebuild to update manifest.
    self._UpdateManifest(ebuild_9999)


def _RankValidBenchmarkProfiles(name):
  """Calculate a value used to rank valid benchmark profiles.

  Args:
    name: A name or a full path of a possible benchmark profile.

  Returns:
    A BenchmarkProfileNamedTuple used for ranking if the name
    is a valid benchmark profile. Otherwise, returns None.
  """
  try:
    version = _ParseBenchmarkProfileName(os.path.basename(name))
    # Filter out merged benchmark profiles.
    if version.is_merged:
      return None
    return version
  except ProfilesNameHelperError:
    return None


def _RankValidCWPProfiles(name):
  """Calculate a value used to rank valid CWP profiles.

  Args:
    name: A name or a full path of a possible CWP profile.

  Returns:
    The "clock" part of the CWP profile, used for ranking if the
    name is a valid CWP profile. Otherwise, returns None.
  """
  try:
    return _ParseCWPProfileName(os.path.basename(name)).clock
  except ProfilesNameHelperError:
    return None


def _RankValidOrderfiles(name):
  """Calculcate a value used to rank valid orderfiles.

  Args:
    name: A name or a full path of a possible orderfile.

  Returns:
    A tuple of (BenchmarkProfileNamedTuple, "clock" part of CWP profile),
    or returns None if the name is not a valid orderfile name.

  Raises:
    ValueError, if the parsed orderfile is not valid.
  """
  try:
    benchmark_part, cwp_part = _ParseOrderfileName(os.path.basename(name))
    if benchmark_part.is_merged:
      raise ValueError('-merged should not appear in orderfile name.')
    return benchmark_part, cwp_part.clock
  except ProfilesNameHelperError:
    return None


def _FindLatestAFDOArtifact(gs_url, ranking_function):
  """Find the latest AFDO artifact in a GS bucket.

  Always finds profiles that matches the current Chrome branch.

  Args:
    gs_url: The full path to GS bucket URL.
    ranking_function: A function used to evaluate a full url path.
    e.g. foo(x) should return a value that can use to rank the profile,
    or return None if the url x is not relevant.

  Returns:
    The name of the eligible latest AFDO artifact.

  Raises:
    RuntimeError: If no files matches the regex in the bucket.
    ValueError: if regex is not valid.
  """

  def _FilterResultsBasedOnBranch(branch):
    """Filter out results that doesn't belong to this branch."""
    # The branch should appear in the name either as:
    # R78-12371.22-1566207135 for kernel/CWP profiles
    # OR chromeos-chrome-amd64-78.0.3877.0 for benchmark profiles
    return [
        x for x in all_files
        if 'R%s' % branch in x.url or '-%s.' % branch in x.url
    ]

  gs_context = gs.GSContext()

  # Obtain all files from gs_url and filter out those not match
  # pattern. And filter out text files for legacy PFQ like
  # latest-chromeos-chrome-amd64-79.afdo
  all_files = [
      x for x in gs_context.List(gs_url, details=True) if 'latest-' not in x.url
  ]
  chrome_branch = _FindCurrentChromeBranch()
  results = _FilterResultsBasedOnBranch(chrome_branch)

  if not results:
    # If no results found, it's maybe because we just branched.
    # Try to find the latest profile from last branch.
    results = _FilterResultsBasedOnBranch(str(int(chrome_branch) - 1))
    if not results:
      raise RuntimeError(
          'No files found on %s for branch %s' % (gs_url, chrome_branch))

  latest = max((ranking_function(x.url), x.url) for x in results)
  if latest[0] is None:
    # If latest artifact has key None, meaning the whole list are actually
    # invalid names, it means we didn't actually find a latest AFDO artifact.
    raise RuntimeError('No valid latest artifact was found on %s'
                       '(example invalid artifact: %s).' % (gs_url, latest[1]))
  name = os.path.basename(latest[1])
  logging.info('Latest AFDO artifact in %s is %s', gs_url, name)
  return name


def _FindCurrentChromeBranch():
  """Find the current Chrome branch from Chrome ebuild.

  Returns:
    The branch version as a str.
  """
  chrome_ebuild = os.path.basename(_FindEbuildPath('chromeos-chrome'))
  pattern = re.compile(
      r'chromeos-chrome-(?P<branch>\d+)\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+(?:_rc)?-r\d+.ebuild')
  match = pattern.match(chrome_ebuild)
  if not match:
    raise ValueError('Unparseable chrome ebuild name: %s' % chrome_ebuild)

  return match.group('branch')


def _GetProfileAge(profile, artifact_type):
  """Tell the age of profile_version in days.

  Args:
    profile: Name of the profile. Different artifact_type has different
    format. For kernel_afdo, it looks like: R78-12371.11-1565602499.
    The last part is the timestamp.
    artifact_type: Only 'kernel_afdo' is supported now.

  Returns:
    Age of profile_version in days.

  Raises:
    ValueError: if the artifact_type is not supported.
  """

  if artifact_type == 'kernel_afdo':
    return (datetime.datetime.utcnow() - datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(
        int(profile.split('-')[-1]))).days

  raise ValueError('Only kernel afdo is supported to check profile age.')


def _WarnSheriffAboutKernelProfileExpiration(kver, profile):
  """Send emails to toolchain sheriff to warn the soon expired profiles.

  Args:
    kver: Kernel version.
    profile: Name of the profile.
  """
  # FIXME(tcwang): Fix the subject and email format before deployment.
  subject_msg = (
      '[Test Async builder] Kernel AutoFDO profile too old for kernel %s' %
      kver)
  alert_msg = ('AutoFDO profile too old for kernel %s. Name=%s' % kver, profile)
  alerts.SendEmailLog(
      subject_msg,
      AFDO_ALERT_RECIPIENTS,
      server=alerts.SmtpServer(constants.GOLO_SMTP_SERVER),
      message=alert_msg)


def OrderfileUpdateChromeEbuild(board):
  """Update Chrome ebuild with latest unvetted orderfile.

  Args:
    board: Board type that was built on this machine.

  Returns:
    Status of the update.

  Raises:
    RuntimeError: if no eligible orderfile is found in bucket.
  """

  orderfile_name = _FindLatestAFDOArtifact(ORDERFILE_GS_URL_UNVETTED,
                                           _RankValidOrderfiles)

  if not orderfile_name:
    raise RuntimeError('No eligible orderfile to verify.')

  updater = UpdateEbuildWithAFDOArtifacts(
      board=board,
      package='chromeos-chrome',
      update_rules={'UNVETTED_ORDERFILE': os.path.splitext(orderfile_name)[0]})
  updater.Perform()
  return True


def AFDOUpdateChromeEbuild(board):
  """Update Chrome ebuild with latest unvetted AFDO profiles.

  Args:
    board: Board to verify the Chrome afdo.

  Returns:
    Status of the update.
  """

  update_rules = {}
  benchmark_afdo = _FindLatestAFDOArtifact(BENCHMARK_AFDO_GS_URL,
                                           _RankValidBenchmarkProfiles)
  update_rules[AFDO_VARIABLE_REGEX %
               'benchmark'] = os.path.splitext(benchmark_afdo)[0]

  for arch in CWP_PROFILE_SUPPORTED_ARCHS:
    url = os.path.join(CWP_AFDO_GS_URL, arch)
    cwp_afdo = _FindLatestAFDOArtifact(url, _RankValidCWPProfiles)
    update_rules[AFDO_VARIABLE_REGEX % arch] = os.path.splitext(cwp_afdo)[0]

  updater = UpdateEbuildWithAFDOArtifacts(
      board=board, package='chromeos-chrome', update_rules=update_rules)
  updater.Perform()
  return True


def AFDOUpdateKernelEbuild(board):
  """Update kernel ebuild with latest unvetted AFDO profile.

  Args:
    board: Board to verify the kernel type.

  Returns:
    Status of the update.
  """

  # For kernel profiles, need to find out the current branch in order to
  # filter out profiles on other branches.
  url = os.path.join(KERNEL_PROFILE_URL, KERNEL_AFDO_VERIFIER_BOARDS[board])
  kernel_afdo = _FindLatestAFDOArtifact(url, _RankValidCWPProfiles)
  kver = KERNEL_AFDO_VERIFIER_BOARDS[board].replace('.', '_')
  # The kernel_afdo from GS bucket contains .gcov.xz suffix, but the name
  # of the afdo in kernel ebuild doesn't. Need to strip it out.
  kernel_afdo_in_ebuild = kernel_afdo.replace(KERNEL_AFDO_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX,
                                              '')

  # Check freshness
  age = _GetProfileAge(kernel_afdo_in_ebuild, 'kernel_afdo')
  if age > KERNEL_ALLOWED_STALE_DAYS:
    logging.info('Found an expired afdo for kernel %s: %s, skip.', kver,
                 kernel_afdo_in_ebuild)
    return False

  if age > KERNEL_WARN_STALE_DAYS:
    _WarnSheriffAboutKernelProfileExpiration(kver, kernel_afdo_in_ebuild)

  updater = UpdateEbuildWithAFDOArtifacts(
      board=board,
      package='chromeos-kernel-' + kver,
      update_rules={'AFDO_PROFILE_VERSION': kernel_afdo_in_ebuild})
  updater.Perform()
  return True


class GenerateBenchmarkAFDOProfile(object):
  """Class that generate benchmark AFDO profile.

  This class waits for the raw sampled profile data (perf.data) from another
  stage that runs hardware tests and uploads it to GS bucket. Once the profile
  is seen, this class downloads the raw profile, and processes it into
  LLVM-readable AFDO profiles. Then uploads the AFDO profile. This class also
  uploads an unstripped Chrome binary for debugging purpose if needed.
  """

  AFDO_GENERATE_LLVM_PROF = '/usr/bin/create_llvm_prof'
  CHROME_DEBUG_BIN = os.path.join('%(root)s', 'build/%(board)s/usr/lib/debug',
                                  'opt/google/chrome/chrome.debug')

  def __init__(self, board, output_dir, chroot_path, chroot_args):
    """Construct an object for generating benchmark profiles.

    Args:
      board: The name of the board.
      output_dir: The path to save output files.
      chroot_path: The chroot path.
      chroot_args: The arguments used to enter chroot.
    """
    self.board = board
    self.chroot_path = chroot_path
    self.chroot_args = chroot_args
    self.buildroot = os.path.join(chroot_path, '..')
    self.chrome_cpv = portage_util.PortageqBestVisible(
        constants.CHROME_CP, cwd=self.buildroot)
    self.arch = portage_util.PortageqEnvvar(
        'ARCH', board=board, allow_undefined=True)
    # Directory used to store intermediate artifacts
    self.working_dir = os.path.join(self.chroot_path, 'tmp')
    self.working_dir_inchroot = '/tmp'
    # Output directory
    self.output_dir = output_dir

  def _DecompressAFDOFile(self, to_decompress):
    """Decompress file used by AFDO process.

    Args:
      to_decompress: File to decompress.

    Returns:
      The full path to the uncompressed file.
    """
    basename = os.path.basename(to_decompress)
    dest_basename = os.path.splitext(basename)[0]
    dest = os.path.join(self.working_dir, dest_basename)
    cros_build_lib.UncompressFile(to_decompress, dest)
    return dest

  def _GetPerfAFDOName(self):
    """Construct a name for perf.data for current chrome version."""
    # The file name of the perf data is based only in the chrome version.
    # The test case that produces it does not know anything about the
    # revision number.
    # TODO(llozano): perf data filename should include the revision number.
    version_number = self.chrome_cpv.version_no_rev.split('_')[0]
    chrome_spec = {
        'package': self.chrome_cpv.package,
        'arch': self.arch,
        'version': version_number
    }
    return CHROME_PERF_AFDO_FILE % chrome_spec

  def _CheckAFDOPerfDataStatus(self):
    """Check whether AFDO perf data on GS bucket.

    Check if 'perf' data file for this architecture and release is available
    in GS.

    Returns:
      True if AFDO perf data is available. False otherwise.
    """
    gs_context = gs.GSContext()
    url = os.path.join(BENCHMARK_AFDO_GS_URL,
                       self._GetPerfAFDOName() + AFDO_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX)
    if not gs_context.Exists(url):
      logging.info('Could not find AFDO perf data at %s', url)
      return False

    logging.info('Found AFDO perf data at %s', url)
    return True

  def _WaitForAFDOPerfData(self):
    """Wait until hwtest finishes and the perf.data uploaded to GS bucket.

    Returns:
      True if hwtest finishes and perf.data is copied to local buildroot
      False if timeout.
    """
    try:
      timeout_util.WaitForReturnTrue(
          self._CheckAFDOPerfDataStatus,
          timeout=constants.AFDO_GENERATE_TIMEOUT,
          period=constants.SLEEP_TIMEOUT)
    except timeout_util.TimeoutError:
      logging.info('Could not find AFDO perf data before timeout')
      return False

    gs_context = gs.GSContext()
    url = os.path.join(BENCHMARK_AFDO_GS_URL,
                       self._GetPerfAFDOName() + AFDO_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX)
    dest_path = os.path.join(self.working_dir, url.rsplit('/', 1)[1])
    gs_context.Copy(url, dest_path)

    self._DecompressAFDOFile(dest_path)
    logging.info('Retrieved AFDO perf data to %s', dest_path)
    return True

  def _CreateAFDOFromPerfData(self):
    """Create LLVM-readable AFDO profile from raw sampled perf data.

    Returns:
      Name of the generated AFDO profile.
    """
    CHROME_UNSTRIPPED_NAME = 'chrome.unstripped'
    # create_llvm_prof demands the name of the profiled binary exactly matches
    # the name of the unstripped binary or it is named 'chrome.unstripped'.
    # So create a symbolic link with the appropriate name.
    debug_sym = os.path.join(self.working_dir, CHROME_UNSTRIPPED_NAME)
    debug_binary_inchroot = self.CHROME_DEBUG_BIN % {
        'root': '',
        'board': self.board
    }
    osutils.SafeSymlink(debug_binary_inchroot, debug_sym)

    # Call create_llvm_prof tool to generated AFDO profile from 'perf' profile
    # These following paths are converted to the path relative inside chroot.
    debug_sym_inchroot = os.path.join(self.working_dir_inchroot,
                                      CHROME_UNSTRIPPED_NAME)
    perf_afdo_inchroot_path = os.path.join(self.working_dir_inchroot,
                                           self._GetPerfAFDOName())
    afdo_name = _GetBenchmarkAFDOName(self.buildroot, self.board)
    afdo_inchroot_path = os.path.join(self.working_dir_inchroot, afdo_name)
    afdo_cmd = [
        self.AFDO_GENERATE_LLVM_PROF,
        '--binary=%s' % debug_sym_inchroot,
        '--profile=%s' % perf_afdo_inchroot_path,
        '--out=%s' % afdo_inchroot_path,
    ]
    cros_build_lib.run(
        afdo_cmd,
        enter_chroot=True,
        capture_output=True,
        print_cmd=True,
        chroot_args=self.chroot_args)

    logging.info('Generated %s AFDO profile %s', self.arch, afdo_name)
    return afdo_name

  def _UploadArtifacts(self, debug_bin, afdo_name):
    """Upload Chrome debug binary and AFDO profile with version info.

    Args:
      debug_bin: The name of debug Chrome binary.
      afdo_name: The name of AFDO profile.
    """

    afdo_spec = {
        'package': self.chrome_cpv.package,
        'arch': self.arch,
        'version': self.chrome_cpv.version
    }
    debug_bin_full_path = os.path.join(
        self.output_dir,
        os.path.basename(debug_bin) + AFDO_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX)
    chrome_version = CHROME_ARCH_VERSION % afdo_spec
    debug_bin_name_with_version = \
        chrome_version + '.debug' + AFDO_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX

    # Upload Chrome debug binary and rename it
    _UploadAFDOArtifactToGSBucket(
        BENCHMARK_AFDO_GS_URL,
        debug_bin_full_path,
        rename=debug_bin_name_with_version)

    # Upload Benchmark AFDO profile as is
    _UploadAFDOArtifactToGSBucket(
        BENCHMARK_AFDO_GS_URL,
        os.path.join(self.output_dir, afdo_name + AFDO_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX))

  def _GenerateAFDOData(self):
    """Generate AFDO profile data from 'perf' data.

    Given the 'perf' profile, generate an AFDO profile using
    create_llvm_prof. It also compresses Chrome debug binary to upload.

    Returns:
      The name created AFDO artifact.
    """
    debug_bin = self.CHROME_DEBUG_BIN % {
        'root': self.chroot_path,
        'board': self.board
    }
    afdo_name = self._CreateAFDOFromPerfData()

    # Because debug_bin and afdo file are in different paths, call the compress
    # function separately.
    _CompressAFDOFiles(
        targets=[debug_bin],
        input_dir=None,
        output_dir=self.output_dir,
        suffix=AFDO_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX)

    _CompressAFDOFiles(
        targets=[afdo_name],
        input_dir=self.working_dir,
        output_dir=self.output_dir,
        suffix=AFDO_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX)

    self._UploadArtifacts(debug_bin, afdo_name)
    return afdo_name

  def Perform(self):
    """Main function to generate benchmark AFDO profiles.

    Raises:
      GenerateBenchmarkAFDOProfilesError, if it never finds a perf.data
      file uploaded to GS bucket.
    """
    if self._WaitForAFDOPerfData():
      afdo_file = self._GenerateAFDOData()
      # FIXME(tcwang): reuse the CreateAndUploadMergedAFDOProfile from afdo.py
      # as a temporary solution to keep Android/Linux AFDO running.
      # Need to move the logic to this file, and run it either at generating
      # benchmark profiles, or at verifying Chrome profiles.
      gs_context = gs.GSContext()
      afdo.CreateAndUploadMergedAFDOProfile(gs_context, self.buildroot,
                                            afdo_file)
    else:
      raise GenerateBenchmarkAFDOProfilesError(
          'Could not find current "perf" profile.')


def CanGenerateAFDOData(board):
  """Does this board has the capability of generating its own AFDO data?"""
  return board in AFDO_DATA_GENERATORS_LLVM


def CanVerifyKernelAFDOData(board):
  """Does the board eligible to verify kernel AFDO profile.

  We use the name of the board to find the kernel version, so we only
  support using boards specified inside KERNEL_AFDO_VERIFIER_BOARDS.
  """
  return board in KERNEL_AFDO_VERIFIER_BOARDS


def CheckAFDOArtifactExists(buildroot, board, target):
  """Check if the artifact to upload in the builder already exists or not.

  Args:
    buildroot: The path to build root.
    board: The name of the board.
    target: The target to check. It can be one of:
    "orderfile_generate": We need to check if the name of the orderfile to
    generate is already in the GS bucket or not.
    "orderfile_verify": We need to find if the latest unvetted orderfile is
    already verified or not.
    "benchmark_afdo": We need to check if the name of the benchmark AFDO profile
    is already in the GS bucket or not.
    "kernel_afdo": We need to check if the latest unvetted kernel profile is
    already verified or not.

  Returns:
    True if exists. False otherwise.

  Raises:
    ValueError if the target is invalid.
  """
  gs_context = gs.GSContext()
  if target == 'orderfile_generate':
    # For orderfile_generate builder, get the orderfile name from chrome ebuild
    orderfile_name = _GetOrderfileName(buildroot)
    return gs_context.Exists(
        os.path.join(ORDERFILE_GS_URL_UNVETTED,
                     orderfile_name + ORDERFILE_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX))

  if target == 'orderfile_verify':
    # Check if the latest unvetted orderfile is already verified
    orderfile_name = _FindLatestAFDOArtifact(ORDERFILE_GS_URL_UNVETTED,
                                             _RankValidOrderfiles)
    return gs_context.Exists(
        os.path.join(ORDERFILE_GS_URL_VETTED, orderfile_name))

  if target == 'benchmark_afdo':
    # For benchmark_afdo_generate builder, get the name from chrome ebuild
    afdo_name = _GetBenchmarkAFDOName(buildroot, board)
    return gs_context.Exists(
        os.path.join(BENCHMARK_AFDO_GS_URL,
                     afdo_name + AFDO_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX))

  if target == 'kernel_afdo':
    # Check the latest unvetted kernel AFDO is already verified
    source_url = os.path.join(KERNEL_PROFILE_URL,
                              KERNEL_AFDO_VERIFIER_BOARDS[board])
    dest_url = os.path.join(KERNEL_AFDO_GS_URL_VETTED,
                            KERNEL_AFDO_VERIFIER_BOARDS[board])
    afdo_name = _FindLatestAFDOArtifact(source_url, _RankValidCWPProfiles)
    return gs_context.Exists(os.path.join(dest_url, afdo_name))

  if target == 'chrome_afdo':
    # Check the latest unvetted chrome AFDO profiles are verified
    all_exist = True
    benchmark_afdo = _FindLatestAFDOArtifact(BENCHMARK_AFDO_GS_URL,
                                             _RankValidBenchmarkProfiles)
    for arch in CWP_PROFILE_SUPPORTED_ARCHS:
      source_url = os.path.join(CWP_AFDO_GS_URL, arch)
      cwp_afdo = _FindLatestAFDOArtifact(source_url, _RankValidCWPProfiles)
      merged_name = _GetCombinedAFDOName(
          os.path.splitext(cwp_afdo)[0], arch,
          os.path.splitext(benchmark_afdo)[0])
      all_exist &= gs_context.Exists(
          os.path.join(RELEASE_AFDO_GS_URL_VETTED, merged_name))
    return all_exist

  raise ValueError('Unsupported target %s to check' % target)


def _UpdateLatestFileForLegacyPFQ(artifact):
  """Update the content of lastet file to support legacy PFQ."""

  gs_context = gs.GSContext()
  chrome_branch = _FindCurrentChromeBranch()
  latest_file = 'latest-chromeos-chrome-amd64-%s.afdo' % chrome_branch
  latest_file_url = os.path.join(BENCHMARK_AFDO_GS_URL, latest_file)

  if gs_context.Exists(latest_file_url):
    with osutils.TempDir() as tempdir:
      local_file = os.path.join(tempdir, latest_file)
      gs_context.Copy(latest_file_url, local_file)
      old_artifact = osutils.ReadFile(local_file)
      logging.info('Updating %s from %s to %s', latest_file_url, old_artifact,
                   artifact)
  else:
    logging.info('Creating a new %s with %s', latest_file_url, artifact)

  with osutils.TempDir() as tempdir:
    local_file = os.path.join(tempdir, latest_file)
    osutils.WriteFile(local_file, artifact)
    gs_context.Copy(local_file, latest_file_url)


def _UploadVettedAFDOArtifacts(artifact_type, subcategory=None):
  """Upload vetted artifact type to GS bucket.

  When we upload vetted artifacts, there is a race condition that
  a new unvetted artifact might just be uploaded after the builder
  starts. Thus we don't want to poll the bucket for latest vetted
  artifact, and instead we look within the ebuilds.

  Args:
    artifact_type: The type of AFDO artifact to upload. Supports:
    ('orderfile', 'kernel_afdo', 'benchmark_afdo', 'cwp_afdo')
    subcategory: Optional. Name of subcategory, used to upload
    kernel AFDO or CWP AFDO.

  Returns:
    Name of the AFDO artifact, if successfully uploaded. Otherwise
    returns None.

  Raises:
    ValueError: if artifact_type is not supported, or subcategory
    is not provided for kernel_afdo or cwp_afdo.
  """
  gs_context = gs.GSContext()
  if artifact_type == 'orderfile':
    artifact = _GetArtifactVersionInEbuild('chromeos-chrome',
                                           'UNVETTED_ORDERFILE')
    full_name = artifact + ORDERFILE_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX
    source_url = os.path.join(ORDERFILE_GS_URL_UNVETTED, full_name)
    dest_url = os.path.join(ORDERFILE_GS_URL_VETTED, full_name)
  elif artifact_type == 'kernel_afdo':
    if not subcategory:
      raise ValueError('Subcategory is required for kernel_afdo.')
    artifact = _GetArtifactVersionInEbuild(
        'chromeos-kernel-' + subcategory.replace('.', '_'),
        'AFDO_PROFILE_VERSION')
    full_name = artifact + KERNEL_AFDO_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX
    source_url = os.path.join(KERNEL_PROFILE_URL, subcategory, full_name)
    dest_url = os.path.join(KERNEL_AFDO_GS_URL_VETTED, subcategory, full_name)
  elif artifact_type == 'benchmark_afdo':
    artifact = _GetArtifactVersionInEbuild('chromeos-chrome',
                                           AFDO_VARIABLE_REGEX % 'benchmark')
    full_name = artifact + AFDO_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX
    source_url = os.path.join(BENCHMARK_AFDO_GS_URL, full_name)
    dest_url = os.path.join(BENCHMARK_AFDO_GS_URL_VETTED, full_name)
  elif artifact_type == 'cwp_afdo':
    if not subcategory:
      raise ValueError('Subcategory is required for cwp_afdo.')
    artifact = _GetArtifactVersionInEbuild('chromeos-chrome',
                                           AFDO_VARIABLE_REGEX % subcategory)
    full_name = artifact + ORDERFILE_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX
    source_url = os.path.join(CWP_AFDO_GS_URL, subcategory, full_name)
    dest_url = os.path.join(CWP_AFDO_GS_URL_VETTED, subcategory, full_name)
  else:
    raise ValueError(
        'Only orderfile, chrome_afdo and kernel_afdo are supported.')

  if gs_context.Exists(dest_url):
    return None

  logging.info('Copying artifact from %s to %s', source_url, dest_url)
  gs_context.Copy(source_url, dest_url, acl='public-read')

  # For benchmark AFDO, we also need to update lastest-* file on the bucket
  # to be compatible with legacy PFQ. Should not be needed once migrated to
  # PUpr.
  if artifact_type == 'benchmark_afdo':
    _UpdateLatestFileForLegacyPFQ(artifact)

  return artifact


def _PublishVettedAFDOArtifacts(json_file, uploaded, title=None):
  """Publish the uploaded AFDO artifact to metadata.

  Since there're no better ways for PUpr to keep track of uploading
  new files in GS bucket, we need to commit a change to a metadata file
  to reflect the upload.

  Args:
    json_file: The path to the JSON file that contains the metadata.
    uploaded: Dict contains pairs of (package, artifact) showing the
    newest name of uploaded 'artifact' to update for the 'package'.
    title: Optional. Used for putting into commit message.

  Raises:
    PublishVettedAFDOArtifactsError:
    if the artifact to update is not already in the metadata file, or
    if the uploaded artifact is the same as in metadata file (no new
    AFDO artifact uploaded). This should be caught earlier before uploading.
  """
  # Perform a git pull first to sync the checkout containing metadata,
  # in case there are some updates during the builder was running.
  # Possible race conditions are:
  # (1) Concurrent running builders modifying the same file, but different
  # entries. e.g. kernel_afdo.json containing three kernel profiles.
  # Sync'ing in this case should be safe no matter what.
  # (2) Concurrent updates to modify the same entry. This is unsafe because
  # we might update an entry with an older profile. The checking logic in the
  # function should guarantee we always update to a newer artifact, otherwise
  # the builder fails.
  git.RunGit(
      TOOLCHAIN_UTILS_PATH, ['pull', TOOLCHAIN_UTILS_REPO, 'refs/heads/master'],
      print_cmd=True)

  afdo_versions = json.loads(osutils.ReadFile(json_file))
  if title:
    commit_message = title + '\n\n'
  else:
    commit_message = 'afdo_metadata: Publish new profiles.\n\n'

  commit_body = 'Update %s from %s to %s\n'
  for package, artifact in uploaded.items():
    if not artifact:
      # It's OK that one package has nothing to publish because it's not
      # uploaded. The case of all packages have nothing to publish is already
      # checked before this function.
      continue
    if package not in afdo_versions:
      raise PublishVettedAFDOArtifactsError(
          'The key %s is not in JSON file.' % package)

    old_value = afdo_versions[package]['name']

    if package == 'benchmark':
      update_to_newer_profile = _RankValidBenchmarkProfiles(
          old_value) < _RankValidBenchmarkProfiles(artifact)
    else:
      update_to_newer_profile = _RankValidCWPProfiles(
          old_value) < _RankValidCWPProfiles(artifact)
    if not update_to_newer_profile:
      raise PublishVettedAFDOArtifactsError(
          'The artifact %s to update is not newer than the JSON file %s' %
          (artifact, old_value))

    afdo_versions[package]['name'] = artifact

    commit_message += commit_body % (package, str(old_value), artifact)

  with open(json_file, 'w') as f:
    json.dump(afdo_versions, f, indent=4)

  modifications = git.RunGit(
      TOOLCHAIN_UTILS_PATH, ['status', '--porcelain', '-uno'],
      capture_output=True,
      print_cmd=True).output
  if not modifications:
    raise PublishVettedAFDOArtifactsError(
        'AFDO info for the ebuilds did not change.')
  logging.info('Git status: %s', modifications)
  git_diff = git.RunGit(
      TOOLCHAIN_UTILS_PATH, ['diff'], capture_output=True,
      print_cmd=True).output
  logging.info('Git diff: %s', git_diff)
  # Commit the change
  git.RunGit(
      TOOLCHAIN_UTILS_PATH, ['commit', '-a', '-m', commit_message],
      print_cmd=True)
  # Push the change, this should create a CL, and auto-submit it.
  git.GitPush(
      TOOLCHAIN_UTILS_PATH,
      'HEAD',
      git.RemoteRef(TOOLCHAIN_UTILS_REPO, 'refs/for/master%submit'),
      print_cmd=True)


def _UploadReleaseChromeAFDO(cwp_afdo, arch, benchmark_afdo):
  """Create an AFDO profile to be used in release Chrome.

  This means we want to merge the CWP and benchmark AFDO profiles into
  one, and redact all ICF symbols.

  Args:
    cwp_afdo: Name of the verified CWP profile.
    arch: Architecture name of the CWP profile.
    benchmark_afdo: Name of the verified benchmark profile.
  """
  if not cwp_afdo and not benchmark_afdo:
    logging.info('Both benchmark and CWP AFDO have not changed. '
                 'Skip generating release profiles.')
    return

  # If either CWP or benchmark profile is not uploaded, find its name from
  # the ebuild because it's latest, and the creation of release profile is
  # still needed with either being uploaded.
  # Also looks for the names in the ebuilds (instead of in the GS bucket)
  # to avoid the race that a new unvetted CWP/benchmark profiles uploaded
  # after the builder starts but not actually tested in the builder.
  if not cwp_afdo:
    cwp_afdo = _GetArtifactVersionInEbuild('chromeos-chrome',
                                           AFDO_VARIABLE_REGEX % arch)
  if not benchmark_afdo:
    benchmark_afdo = _GetArtifactVersionInEbuild(
        'chromeos-chrome', AFDO_VARIABLE_REGEX % 'benchmark')

  gs_context = gs.GSContext()

  with osutils.TempDir() as tempdir:
    # Download profiles from gsutil.
    cwp_full_name = cwp_afdo + ORDERFILE_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX
    benchmark_full_name = benchmark_afdo + AFDO_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX

    cwp_afdo_url = os.path.join(CWP_AFDO_GS_URL, arch, cwp_full_name)
    cwp_afdo_local = os.path.join(tempdir, cwp_full_name)
    gs_context.Copy(cwp_afdo_url, cwp_afdo_local)

    benchmark_afdo_url = os.path.join(BENCHMARK_AFDO_GS_URL,
                                      benchmark_full_name)
    benchmark_afdo_local = os.path.join(tempdir, benchmark_full_name)
    gs_context.Copy(benchmark_afdo_url, benchmark_afdo_local)

    # Decompress the files.
    cwp_local_uncompressed = os.path.join(tempdir, cwp_afdo)
    cros_build_lib.UncompressFile(cwp_afdo_local, cwp_local_uncompressed)
    benchmark_local_uncompressed = os.path.join(tempdir, benchmark_afdo)
    cros_build_lib.UncompressFile(benchmark_afdo_local,
                                  benchmark_local_uncompressed)

    # Merge profiles.
    merge_weights = [(cwp_local_uncompressed, RELEASE_CWP_MERGE_WEIGHT),
                     (benchmark_local_uncompressed,
                      RELEASE_BENCHMARK_MERGE_WEIGHT)]
    merged_profile_name = 'chromeos-chrome-amd64-%s' % (
        _GetCombinedAFDOName(cwp_afdo, arch, benchmark_afdo))
    merged_profile = os.path.join(tempdir, merged_profile_name)
    _MergeAFDOProfiles(merge_weights, merged_profile)

    # Redact profiles.
    redacted_profile_name = merged_profile_name + '-redacted.afdo'
    redacted_profile = os.path.join(tempdir, redacted_profile_name)
    _RedactAFDOProfile(merged_profile, redacted_profile)

    # Compress and upload the final AFDO profile.
    ret = _CompressAFDOFiles([redacted_profile], None, tempdir,
                             ORDERFILE_COMPRESSION_SUFFIX)
    _UploadAFDOArtifactToGSBucket(RELEASE_AFDO_GS_URL_VETTED, ret[0])


def UploadAndPublishVettedAFDOArtifacts(artifact_type, board):
  """Main function to upload a vetted AFDO artifact.

  As suggested by the name, this function first uploads the vetted artifact
  to GS bucket, and publishes the change to metadata file if needed.

  Args:
    artifact_type: Type of the artifact. 'Orderfile' or 'kernel_afdo'
    board: Name of the board.

  Returns:
    Status of the upload and publish.
  """

  uploaded = {}
  if artifact_type == 'chrome_afdo':
    uploaded['benchmark'] = _UploadVettedAFDOArtifacts('benchmark_afdo')
    for arch in CWP_PROFILE_SUPPORTED_ARCHS:
      uploaded[arch] = _UploadVettedAFDOArtifacts('cwp_afdo', arch)
      _UploadReleaseChromeAFDO(uploaded[arch], arch, uploaded['benchmark'])
    json_file = os.path.join(TOOLCHAIN_UTILS_PATH,
                             'afdo_metadata/chrome_afdo.json')
    title = 'afdo_metadata: Publish new profiles for Chrome.'
  elif artifact_type == 'kernel_afdo':
    kver = KERNEL_AFDO_VERIFIER_BOARDS[board]
    name = 'chromeos-kernel-' + kver.replace('.', '_')
    uploaded[name] = _UploadVettedAFDOArtifacts(artifact_type, kver)
    json_file = os.path.join(TOOLCHAIN_UTILS_PATH,
                             'afdo_metadata/kernel_afdo.json')
    title = 'afdo_metadata: Publish new profiles for kernel %s.' % kver
  else:
    uploaded['orderfile'] = _UploadVettedAFDOArtifacts('orderfile')

  if not [x for x in uploaded.values() if x]:
    # Nothing to publish to should be caught earlier
    return False

  if artifact_type != 'orderfile':
    # No need to publish orderfile changes.
    # Skia autoroller can pick it up from uploads.
    _PublishVettedAFDOArtifacts(json_file, uploaded, title)
  return True